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IMDG Class 8: Corrosive Substances Guide
IMDG Code Class 8 corrosive substances: definition, packing groups I/II/III, stowage, segregation, EmS, MFAG, and documentation under Amendment 41-22.
ShipCalculators reference wiki
Maritime industry encyclopedia
A continuously expanding collection of long-form, Wikipedia-style articles on the conventions, technical systems, fuels, ship types, commercial documents, and trade routes that shape the merchant fleet. Every article cross-links to the underlying calculators, each of which shows its governing formula, symbol legend, and regulatory sources inline.
866 articles · updated 31 October 2026
Energy efficiency, emissions, and climate
How the IMO, the EU, and class societies measure and price greenhouse-gas emissions from shipping.
- What is CII? Carbon Intensity Indicator explained
- What is EEDI? Energy Efficiency Design Index
- What is EEXI? Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index
- Slow steaming and CII: the speed lever
- FuelEU Maritime explained: the EU GHG-intensity regime
- FuelEU penalties, pooling & the RFNBO multiplier
- EU ETS for shipping: scope, EUA liability, phase-in
- IMO DCS vs EU MRV: full comparison
- IMO 2020 sulphur cap
- Cold ironing and shore power (OPS): the guide
International conventions
The treaties that govern construction, operation, manning, and pollution prevention on every commercial ship.
- SOLAS Convention
- MARPOL Convention: Pollution Prevention
- STCW Convention
- Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (MLC 2006)
- ISPS Code: international ship and port facility security
- Polar Code
- ISM Code: International Safety Management Code
- Hong Kong Convention 2009: Ship Recycling
- BWM Convention 2004: Ballast Water Management
- UNCLOS overview for shipping
- Load line
Stability and naval architecture
Hydrostatics, intact and damage stability criteria, and the geometric measures behind ship design.
Propulsion and machinery
Marine engines, fuel-supply systems, and the abatement equipment fitted to keep them within emission limits.
Marine fuels
Properties, regulation, and the energy-transition pathways for the fuels burned by the world fleet.
Ship types
Categories of merchant ship: how each is classed, traded, and engineered to its trade pattern.
Cargo, commercial, and oversight
How cargo is documented and stowed, how vessels are chartered, and who certifies and inspects them.
Navigation, communications, and security
Bridge electronics, distress alerting, and the maritime security regime against piracy and armed robbery.
Trade routes and chokepoints
The narrow waters that route most of the world's seaborne trade, and the alternatives when they close.
Recently added
- Canadian Arctic Shipping Pollution-Prevention Regime 27 October 2026
- HiMSEN: Hyundai Medium-Speed Marine Engines 8 October 2026
- Marine Engine Model Numbers: Naming Conventions by Maker 8 October 2026
- Zig Zag Second Overshoot 14 September 2026
- Web Frame Required Depth 14 September 2026
- Web Frame Panel Deflection 14 September 2026
- War Risk, Piracy and Security Premiums 14 September 2026
- Voyage Fixtures, TCE and Fleet Optimization 14 September 2026
- VFD Harmonic TDD Screen 14 September 2026
- Vetting, PSC, Audits and Class Surveys 14 September 2026
All articles A–Z
- A-Frame and Column Design: Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- ABC DZC Engine: Medium-Speed Marine Diesel
- Abidjan Convention 1981: West Africa marine environment
- ABS (American Bureau of Shipping): leading US-headquartered classification society
- Accumulator Sizing
- Adiabatic Flame Temperature
- Admiralty coefficient
- AFS Convention 2001: Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, TBT ban + cybutryne
- AHTS
- Air Lubrication Systems
- AIS and ECDIS
- AIS-SART: AIS Search and Rescue Transmitter for survival craft
- Akasaka Diesels: Japanese Coastal Marine Engines
- Aliphatic Cargo Segregation Table
- Alternative Fuels, Cryogenics and Enthalpy
- Alternative Marine Fuels: The Decarbonization Ladder
- Alumina: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Ammonia as marine fuel
- Ammonia Marine Engines: Technology and Outlook
- Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer: IMSBC Schedules
- Anglo Belgian Corporation (ABC) Marine Engines
- Annex IV Baltic Special Area: Passenger-Ship Sewage
- Annex V HME cargo residues, E-waste, and hold-wash water
- Annual Efficiency Ratio (AER): the shipping carbon metric
- Antarctic Special Area and Polar Code: integrated MARPOL plus SOLAS regime
- Antarctic Treaty 1959: Foundational treaty for peaceful + scientific use
- Anti-Heeling Systems: Ship Heeling Control
- Antigua Convention 2002: NE Pacific Marine Environment
- AR5 GWP100 in maritime emissions accounting
- Asphalt Loading Temperature
- Asset Finance, Valuation and Corporate Structuring
- Atlas-Polar Marine Engines
- Autonomous Ships (MASS): The Regulatory State
- Ballast Water Exchange Operations: D-1 Guide
- Ballast Water Management Systems: IMO & USCG Guide
- Baltic Dry Index and Freight Indices
- Baltic Sea SECA + NECA: MARPOL Annex VI emission control areas
- Barcelona Convention 1976/1995: Mediterranean protection
- Bareboat Charter Party
- Barytes: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Battery-Electric Ferries: Technology and Operations
- Battery-Hybrid and Full-Electric Propulsion
- Bauxite IMSBC Schedule: Group A and C Rules
- Bergen B33:45 Medium-Speed Four-Stroke Engine
- Berthing Operations and Fender Selection
- Beta Marine Engines: UK Mariniser Profile
- Bill of lading
- BIMCO CII and Emissions Clauses
- Biofuels in shipping
- Biomass Pellets: IMSBC Schedule and Carriage
- Black Carbon and Arctic Shipping
- Block coefficient and hull form coefficients
- BNWAS: Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System under SOLAS V/19-2
- Bolinder Hot-Bulb Marine Engines
- Bolinder-Munktell: Swedish Engine Maker
- Bonn Agreement 1983: North Sea oil-pollution response cooperation
- Bosch Smoke Number Interpretation
- Bow thruster and stern thruster
- Brokerage Chains and Commission Splits
- Brown Coal Briquettes: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Bucharest Convention 1992: Black Sea pollution protection
- Bulbous Bow Retrofits
- Bulk and Breakbulk Cargo Care
- Bulk carrier
- Bulk Carrier Size Classes Explained
- Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) in Shipping
- Bunker Delivery Note: MARPOL Annex VI Guide
- Bunker Procurement, Blending and Custody
- Bunker Quality and ISO 8217 Marine Fuel Standards
- Bunkers Convention 2001: civil liability for bunker oil
- Bureau Veritas (BV): French classification society + 5th-largest by tonnage
- Burmeister and Wain: History of a Marine Diesel Pioneer
- BWM Convention 2004: Ballast Water Management
- Canadian Arctic Shipping Pollution-Prevention Regime
- Canals and Straits: Maritime Chokepoints
- CARB At-Berth Regulation
- Carbon Markets, ETS and Tax Arbitrage
- Cargo Hold Preparation Standards
- Cargo Hold Ventilation: Dew Point & Sweat Control
- Cargo Insurance and Institute Cargo Clauses
- Cargo Insured Value: CIF Plus 10% and the ICC
- Cargo Liquefaction: TML, FMP, and Group A Controls
- Cargo P V Valve
- Cargo Securing Manual and CSS Code
- Cargo Securing, Stowage and Dangerous Goods Documentation
- Cargo Tank Heating Systems on Tankers
- Cargo Tank Systems, Outturn and Contamination
- Cartagena Convention 1983: Wider Caribbean Marine Environment
- Caterpillar 3500 Series: High-Speed Marine Engine
- Caterpillar C280: Medium-Speed Marine Engine
- Caterpillar Marine: Corporate History
- cbDIST
- CBM (Cubic Meter): Freight Volume Measurement
- CBM and Chargeable Weight in Freight
- Cement Clinkers: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Cement: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Chargeable Weight: Volumetric Billing Across Modes
- Charter Clause NYPE Cl
- Charter Parties: Voyage, Time, and Bareboat
- Charterparty clause mechanics
- Charterparty Clause Mechanics
- Chemical tanker
- China DCS: Ship Energy Reporting Regime
- Chrome Ore: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- CII Corrective Action Plan: SEEMP Part III
- CII, EEXI and Performance Engineering
- Class notations
- Class survey regimes and statutory certification
- Class Survey Regimes, Structural Rules and Statutory Certifi
- Classification society
- ClassNK (Nippon Kaiji Kyokai): leading Japanese classification society
- CLC 1992: civil liability for oil pollution damage
- CO in Flue Gas
- Coal: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Cold ironing and shore power (OPS): the guide
- Collision Avoidance, Radar and COLREGs
- COLREGs Convention
- COLREGs Lights and Shapes: Rules 20 to 31
- COLREGs Sound and Light Signals: Rules 32 to 37
- COLREGs Steering and Sailing Rules: Rules 4 to 19
- Common Rail Fuel Injection: Two-Stroke Engines
- Conduction Through Wall
- Container ship
- Container Ship Size Classes: Feeder to ULCV
- Container Utilization and Cargo Packing
- Container, Dry-Bulk, and Liquid Terminals
- Continuous Survey of Hull and Machinery (CSH/CMS)
- Contract Clause and Regime Mechanics
- Cooper-Bessemer Marine Diesel and Gas Engines
- Copper Concentrate: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Corrosion Rate NACE ASTM
- Costa Concordia 2012: cruise ship grounding + salvage off Isola del Giglio
- Crankcase Explosion Relief Area
- Crewing, STCW, MLC and Wages
- Cross Curves of Stability and KN Tables
- Cross Scavenging in Legacy Two-Stroke Designs
- Crosshead Diesel Engine: Architecture Overview
- Crossley Brothers: Manchester Marine Engines
- Cruise and Passenger-Ship Operations and Safety
- CSSC Marine Engine Subsidiaries: Group Structure
- Cummins Marine: Corporate History
- Cummins QSK Series: High-Speed Marine Engine
- Cyber resilience and digital verification
- Cyber Resilience, Digital Verification and Emerging Technolo
- Cylinder Bore and Stroke Selection for Marine Engines
- Cylinder Compression Pressure (Pcomp) Analysis
- Cylinder Cover Design and Cooling: Two-Stroke Engines
- Cylinder Liner Design: Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Cylinder Liner Wear Monitoring: Methods and Limits
- Cylinder Lubrication Systems: Two-Stroke Engines
- Cylinder Oil Base Number and Fuel Sulphur
- Cylinder Oil Feed Rate Optimisation
- Cylinder Peak Pressure (Pmax) on Marine Engines
- Daihatsu Diesel (Infinearth) Marine Engines
- Daily OPEX Build up
- Damage stability
- Danube River Basin: Navigation and Governance
- Darcy Weisbach Pressure Drop
- Decarbonization and Alternative Marine Fuels
- Decarbonization Technologies for Ships
- Deck Foam Concentrate Required
- Demurrage: Charterparty Law and Practice
- Detroit Diesel 71 and 92 Series Marine Engines
- Deutz Marine Engines: From Otto to TCD
- DG UN Lookup
- Diammonium Phosphate: IMSBC Schedule and Carriage
- Digital Operations, Inspection Technology and Crew Welfare
- Digital Systems, Telemetry and Blockchain
- Direct Reduced Iron: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Disbursement Account: The Cost Statement of a Port Call
- Dittus Boelter Convection
- Diving, Hyperbaric and Subsea Tooling
- DME Core Properties
- DNV (Det Norske Veritas): world's largest classification society
- Doxford Opposed-Piston Marine Oil Engines
- DP, towage approval and marine warranty
- Draught Survey for Bulk Cargo: Full Method
- Dry dock Energy Emissions
- Dynamic Positioning, Towage Approval and Marine Warranty
- Dynamic Positioning: How DP Holds a Ship on Station
- EEXI: Engine Power Limitation and ShaPoLi
- EGR Retrofit on Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Electrical
- EMD Marine Engines: 567, 645, and 710 Series
- Emission Control Areas
- Emissions Monitoring and Reporting: MRV and DCS
- Encounter Spectrum Peak Frequency
- Energy-Saving Devices (ESDs)
- Engine Alignment and Bedplate Flexure
- Engine Bedplate Construction: Two-Stroke Marine Diesels
- Engine Catalogue
- Engine Derating for Slow Steaming
- Engine Emergency Stop Circuits: Shutdown and Slowdown
- Engine Governor Systems: Types, Droop, and Load Sharing
- Engine Load Diagram: Layout, Limits, and Propeller Curves
- Engine Performance Monitoring: PMI Systems
- Engine Power and BMEP: Core Relationships
- Engine Reversing System: Direct-Drive Marine Engines
- Engine Room Automation: UMS and E0 Systems
- Engine Room Environmental Management
- Engine Sea Trial Procedures: New-Build Ships
- Engine Telegraph and Bridge Remote Control Systems
- Engine Torsional Vibration Analysis: Marine Shafting
- Engine-Room Automation and Monitoring
- English Electric: British Marine and Locomotive Diesels
- EPIRB: 406 MHz Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon
- EU ETS allowance allocation for shipping
- EU ETS and FuelEU Maritime: double compliance
- EU ETS enforcement: per-incident administrative cases
- EU ETS for shipping: scope, EUA liability, phase-in
- EU ETS Innovation Fund maritime eligibility (Article 10a(8))
- EU ETS surrender mechanics for shipping
- EU Maritime Carbon Pricing: ETS & FuelEU
- EU MRV Regulation 2015/757
- EU MRV Voyage Data: What Ships Must Record
- EUA Market Mechanics for Shipping
- Exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber)
- Exhaust Valve Actuation in Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Fairbanks Morse Marine Engines: OP Diesel and Naval Power
- Fan Pressure Rise Power
- FCL and LCL: Container Load Modes Compared
- Fillet Weld Throat Thickness
- Fire Pump Priming Time
- Fish Meal: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Flag state and flag of convenience
- Flag States
- Flame Arrester Gap Size
- FONAR and BDN: MARPOL Sulphur Compliance
- Force Majeure in Shipping Contracts
- Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs)
- Four-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Fundamentals
- FPSO: Floating Production, Storage and Offloading vessel
- Free surface effect
- Freeboard and Reserve Buoyancy
- Freight Derivatives, Swaps and Hedging
- Freight Forwarding and Incoterms: The Trade Chain
- Freight Market Structure, Indices and Hedging
- Freight Routes
- FSS Code: International Code for Fire Safety Systems
- Fuel Switching Operations: MARPOL Annex VI
- Fuel Valve Design for Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- FuelEU Compliance Balance: Banking, Borrowing, Pooling
- FuelEU Maritime explained: the EU GHG-intensity regime
- FuelEU Maritime: WtW GHG-Intensity Formula
- FuelEU penalties, pooling & the RFNBO multiplier
- FuelEU reward mechanism explained
- FuelEU RFNBO Multiplier: 2x Reward & Sub-target
- Gas Carrier Types: LPG and LNG Ship Classes
- General Average and York-Antwerp Rules
- General Average, Salvage and Wreck Claims
- General cargo ship
- GFI reduction trajectory 2027-2050
- Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
- Gotaverken: Swedish Marine Diesel Engines
- Grandi Motori Trieste: Italian Marine Engine History
- Green Shipping Corridors: Definition and Status
- Gypsum: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- GZ Curve and Righting Arm
- GZ Righting Arm Curve
- Hague-Visby Rules: bills of lading carrier liability framework
- Hanshin Diesel Marine Engines
- Hanwha Engine: HSD and Doosan Engine History
- Harland & Wolff Marine Diesel Engines
- Heavy fuel oil
- Heavy Weather Operations at Sea
- HELCOM Convention 1992: Baltic Sea protection treaty
- Hesselman Engine: History, Principle, and Marine Use
- HHI Engine & Machinery Division (HHI-EMD)
- HHV LHV Hydrogen Content
- High-Speed Four-Stroke Marine Engines
- HiMSEN: Hyundai Medium-Speed Marine Engines
- HNS Convention 2010: liability for hazardous substances
- Hong Kong Convention 2009: Ship Recycling
- Hornsby-Akroyd Hot-Bulb Oil Engine: History
- Hull and Machinery Insurance
- Hull Coatings
- Hull form design
- Hull Strength and Longitudinal Bending
- Hydraulic Cylinder Force
- Hydraulic Cylinder Velocity
- Hydraulic Pump Power
- Hydrodynamics, Resistance and Powering
- Hydrogen as Marine Fuel
- Hydrogen Marine Fuel Cells: Types, Projects, and Rules
- Hydrostatics and Bonjean curves
- IACS URs
- IACS: International Association of Classification Societies
- IBC Cargoes
- IBC Chemical Cargo Finder
- ICCP Set point Check
- Ice Frame Load FSICR
- Ice Resistance Jones Kashteljan
- Ice Steel Adhesion Shear
- IE1 IE3 Efficiency Upgrade
- IGC Cargoes
- IGC Code: Gas Carrier Construction and Equipment
- IGF Code: Low-Flashpoint Fuel Ships
- IMDG Class 1 Explosives: Divisions, Groups, Stowage
- IMDG Class 2: Gases Complete Guide
- IMDG Class 3: Flammable Liquids Guide
- IMDG Class 4: Flammable Solids, 4.1/4.2/4.3
- IMDG Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
- IMDG Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
- IMDG Class 7: Radioactive Material
- IMDG Class 8: Corrosive Substances Guide
- IMDG Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
- IMDG Marking, Labelling, and Placarding
- IMO 2020 sulphur cap
- IMO Data Collection System: fuel oil reporting guide
- IMO DCS vs EU MRV: full comparison
- IMO GHG Strategy
- IMO Hong Kong 2009
- IMO levy and economic measure under the Net-Zero Framework
- IMO Net-Zero Framework
- IMO Net-Zero Framework and GHG Fuel Intensity
- IMO Net-Zero Fund: governance and disbursement
- IMO Resolutions
- IMO SUA 1988 Suppression
- IMSBC Cargoes
- IMSBC Code
- IMSBC Group A cargoes: Cargoes that may liquefy
- IMSBC Group B cargoes: Cargoes with chemical hazards
- IMSBC Group C Cargoes: Definition and Carriage
- Incoterms 2020 Explained: The 11 ICC Rules
- Indicator Diagram Analysis: Marine Diesel Engines
- Induction Motor Slip
- Inert Gas Plant Required
- Intact stability
- Intermodal Equipment, Inland Networks and Trade Zones
- International Bulk Chemical Code (IBC Code)
- IOPC Fund 1992: International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund
- IOPP Certificate: MARPOL Annex I Surveys
- Iron Ore Concentrate: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Iron Ore Pellets: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Iron Ore: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- ISM Code: International Safety Management Code
- ISO 8217:2024 Marine Fuel Specification
- ISPS and Port-Facility Security: The Regime
- ISPS Code: international ship and port facility security
- Japan Engine Corporation (J-ENG): Company Overview
- Jeddah Convention 1982 (PERSGA): Red Sea + Gulf of Aden environment
- John G. Kincaid: Greenock Marine Engine Builder
- Jomard Entrance PSSA: Louisiade Two-Way Routes
- Joukowsky Surge Pressure
- Just-In-Time Arrival
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries Marine Engines
- Knock-for-Knock Indemnity in Marine Contracts
- Kockums: Malmo Shipyard and Marine Engines
- Krupp Marine Engines: Germania Diesels to ThyssenKrupp
- Kuwait Regional Convention 1978 and ROPME
- Lab Test Methods
- Landed Cost and Import Duty
- Landed Cost, Tariffs and Duty Architecture
- Landed Cost: The True Unit Economics of Imports
- Laytime Mechanics, Demurrage and Claims
- Laytime: Voyage Charter Time Accounting
- Lead Concentrate: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Letter of Indemnity in Shipping: LOI Guide
- Liability Conventions and Carrier Caps
- Lifesaving, Fire Safety and SOLAS Systems
- Lightweight vs Deadweight: Displacement Explained
- Lima Convention 1981: South-East Pacific marine + coastal environment (CPPS)
- Limestone: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Lisbon Agreement 1990: NE Atlantic Iberian-Moroccan oil-pollution cooperation
- Lister-Petter Marine Engines
- LLMC: Convention on Limitation of Maritime Claims
- Lloyd's Register (LR): world's oldest classification society
- LNG as marine fuel
- LNG Cargo Containment Systems
- LNG carrier
- LNG fuel system (onboard)
- Load line
- Log Mean Temperature Difference
- London Convention 1972 + London Protocol 1996: Marine Dumping
- Loop vs Uniflow Scavenging in Marine Two-Strokes
- Loss of Hire Insurance
- LPG Propane Core Properties
- LRIT Long-Range Identification and Tracking: SOLAS V/19-1 ship tracking
- LSA Code: International Life-Saving Appliance Code
- Machinery Diagnostics, Auxiliaries and Piping
- Madrid Protocol 1991: Antarctic Environmental Protection
- Maize: IMSBC Code and Grain Code Carriage
- MaK Maschinenbau Kiel: Marine Engine History
- MAN 32/40: Medium-Speed Marine Engine Guide
- MAN 48/60: Large-Bore Medium-Speed Marine Engine
- MAN Alpha Lubricator: Electronic Cylinder Lubrication
- MAN B&W ME-C Electronic Control System
- MAN Energy Solutions: Corporate History
- MAN L21/31: Medium-Speed Marine GenSet Engine
- MAN L32/44CR: Medium-Speed Four-Stroke Marine Engine
- Manganese Ore: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Marine Anchor and Anchor Handling Equipment
- Marine Auxiliary Engines and Generators
- Marine Bilge and Ballast Systems
- Marine Boilers and Steam Systems
- Marine Bow Doors and Stern Ramps: Ro-Ro Safety
- Marine Bridge Equipment and Integrated Bridge Systems
- Marine Cargo Damage Investigation
- Marine Cargo Handling Cranes and Derricks
- Marine Cargo Pumps and Piping Systems
- Marine Cargo Securing and Lashing Systems
- Marine Cathodic Protection and Hull Coatings
- Marine Compressed Air Systems Explained
- Marine Confined Space Entry and Tank Inspection
- Marine Crew Accommodation: MLC 2006 Standards
- Marine diesel engine
- Marine Domestic Water Systems: Potable & Sanitary
- Marine Dynamic Positioning Systems
- Marine Electrical Generation and Distribution
- Marine Engine Camshaft and Valve Train
- Marine Engine Combustion Analysis
- Marine Engine Common Rail Technology
- Marine Engine Crankshaft and Main Bearings
- Marine Engine Cylinder Liners and Pistons
- Marine Engine Fuel Injection Systems
- Marine Engine Maintenance Scheduling
- Marine Engine Makers: builders and licensors
- Marine Engine Model Numbers: Naming Conventions by Maker
- Marine Engine Performance Monitoring
- Marine Engine Room Ventilation and Uptakes
- Marine Engine Starting Air System Guide
- Marine Engine Turbocharging: Principles and Practice
- Marine Fire Detection and Fixed Fire-Fighting Systems
- Marine Fresh Water Generator: How Ships Make Fresh Water
- Marine Fuel and Lube Oil Purifiers
- Marine Fuel Oil Systems
- Marine Galley Equipment and Provisions
- Marine gas oil
- Marine gas turbine
- Marine Gas Turbines: Propulsion Technology Guide
- Marine Global Fuel Standard (GFS) methodology
- Marine Hatch Covers: Weathertight Closures
- Marine Helicopter Operations and Helidecks
- Marine HVAC Systems: Ship Air Conditioning Guide
- Marine Hydraulic Systems
- Marine Inert Gas Systems on Tankers
- Marine Lifeboats and Survival Craft
- Marine Lubricating Oil Systems: System Oil Guide
- Marine Mooring Equipment and Winches
- Marine Oily Water Separators: OWS & Bilge Treatment
- Marine Pressure Vessel Inspection and Survey
- Marine propeller
- Marine Propeller Pitch and Construction
- Marine Propulsion Shafting and Stern Tube
- Marine Reduction Gears: Design and Operation
- Marine Reefer Container Systems: Ship Guide
- Marine Refrigeration and Cargo Cooling
- Marine Sea Water Cooling Systems
- Marine Sewage and Grey Water Treatment Systems
- Marine Spare Parts and Maintenance Management
- Marine Stabilisers: Roll Reduction Systems
- Marine Stability Booklet and Loading Computer
- Marine Steam Turbines: Principles, History, and Use
- Marine Steering Gear: Types, SOLAS Rules, Operation
- Marine Tank Cleaning and Crude Oil Washing
- Marine Tank Gauging Systems: Tanker Operations
- Marine VOC Management and Vapor Recovery
- Marine Voyage Planning and Routing
- Maritime Cyber Security and Resilience
- Maritime EU ETS scope and phase-in 2024-2027
- Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (MLC 2006)
- Maritime Lien and Ship Arrest
- Maritime piracy and Best Management Practices
- Maritime Security and Risk: The Three Pillars
- MARPOL Annex I Exemptions, Waivers & Equivalents
- MARPOL Annex I HGO and HFO bans in polar waters
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 1 & 2: Definitions and Application
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 11: Operational PSC
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 14: oil filtering equipment
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 15: oil discharge control
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 16: Oil and Water Ballast Segregation
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 17: the Oil Record Book
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 18: segregated ballast tanks
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 19: double hull for tankers
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 23: accidental oil outflow
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 25: hypothetical oil outflow
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 26: Cargo Tank Size Limits
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 27: tanker intact stability
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 28: tanker damage stability
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 29 & 30: slop tanks, piping
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 31: the ODMCS
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 32: oil/water interface detector
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 33: crude oil washing
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 34: cargo-area oil discharge
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 35: crude oil washing operations
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 36: Oil Record Book Part II
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 37: SOPEP
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 38: oil reception facilities
- MARPOL Annex I Reg 39: fixed & floating platforms
- MARPOL Annex I Reg.12: oil residue (sludge) tanks
- MARPOL Annex I Reg.13: Standard Discharge Connection
- MARPOL Annex I Reg.22: Pump-Room Bottom Protection
- MARPOL Annex I Reg.24: Damage Assumptions
- MARPOL Annex I Reg.41: STS oil transfer operations
- MARPOL Annex I Regulation 12A: oil fuel tank protection
- MARPOL Annex I Special Areas: oil-discharge zones
- MARPOL Annex I: prevention of pollution by oil
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 1 to 5: definitions and application
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 10: Certificate Duration and Validity
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 11: cargo tank arrangement
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 12: pumping, piping, stripping
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 14: P&A Manual
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 15: Cargo Record Book
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 16: PSC Measures of Control
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 17: SMPEP for NLS
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 6: NLS Categorization (X/Y/Z)
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 7: Chemical Tanker Certification
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 8: Surveys of NLS Ships
- MARPOL Annex II Reg 9: NLS Certificate Issue
- MARPOL Annex II Reg.18: NLS Reception Facilities
- MARPOL Annex II Regulation 13: Cargo Tank Washing
- MARPOL Annex II: Carrying Substances Not Yet Categorized
- MARPOL Annex II: Noxious Liquid Substances
- MARPOL Annex III: Harmful Substances in Packaged Form
- MARPOL Annex IV Reg 10: Standard Discharge Connection
- MARPOL Annex IV Reg 13: PSC on Sewage Compliance
- MARPOL Annex IV Regulation 11: Sewage Discharge Standards
- MARPOL Annex IV Regulation 9: Sewage Systems
- MARPOL Annex IV Surveys and ISPP Certificate
- MARPOL Annex IV: Sewage from Ships
- MARPOL Annex V Reg 10: Placards, GMP, Record Book
- MARPOL Annex V Reg 4: discharge outside special areas
- MARPOL Annex V Reg 5: garbage from platforms
- MARPOL Annex V Reg 6: discharge within special areas
- MARPOL Annex V Regulation 7: Exceptions
- MARPOL Annex V: garbage discharge rules
- MARPOL Annex V: Garbage from Ships
- MARPOL Annex VI
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 12: ozone-depleting substances
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 13: NOx emission limits
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 14: the sulphur cap
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 15: VOC emissions on tankers
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 16: shipboard incineration
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 17: port reception facilities
- MARPOL Annex VI Reg 18: bunker delivery note
- MARPOL Annex VI sulphur cap: IMO 2020 and ECAs
- MARPOL Convention: Pollution Prevention
- MARPOL Lookup
- MARPOL, Emissions and Environmental Compliance
- Mediterranean SECA 2025: MARPOL Annex VI emission control area
- Medium-Speed Four-Stroke Marine Engines
- MEPC.391(82): IMO LCA Guidelines for marine fuels
- Metacentric height (GM)
- Methane Slip and N2O: The Non-CO2 GHGs
- Methane Slip from LNG Dual-Fuel Engines
- Methanol as marine fuel
- Methanol Marine Engines: Combustion, Types, and Fleet
- Mineral Concentrates: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Mirrlees Blackstone Marine Engines
- Mitsubishi UE and UEC Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Mitsui E&S DU: Japan's Oldest MAN B&W Licensee
- Mooring Forces and Station-Keeping
- Mooring, Fenders and Coastal Structures
- Moteurs Baudouin (Weichai) Marine Engines
- Motor Starting Current
- Motor Synchronous Speed
- MS Estonia 1994: Baltic ro-ro ferry disaster, 852 deaths
- MTU Series 2000 Marine Engine
- MTU Series 4000 Marine Engine: Full Guide
- MV Wakashio 2020: Mauritius Pointe d'Esny grounding + oil spill
- MV X-Press Pearl 2021: Sri Lanka container ship fire + worst plastic pellet spill
- MWM Motoren-Werke Mannheim: Engine History
- N2O Emissions from Marine Engines
- Nairobi Convention 1985: WIO marine environment framework
- Nairobi Wreck Removal Convention 2007 (WRC)
- Naval and Defense Vessels: Design, Class, and Law
- Naval Architecture Coefficients Explained
- Naval Nuclear Propulsion: Reactors, Fleets, and Applications
- Naval, Defense and Search-and-Rescue
- Navigation
- Newbuild Embodied CO
- Nickel Ore: IMSBC Code Schedule and Group A Hazard
- Niigata Power Systems Marine Engines
- NOHAB and Polar Marine Diesel Engines
- Nomoto K T Zig
- North American ECA: MARPOL Annex VI emission control area
- North Sea SECA + NECA: MARPOL Annex VI emission control areas
- Norwegian Fjords Emission Zone: zero-emission cruise rules from 2026
- Notice of Readiness (NOR)
- Noumea Convention 1986: South Pacific Marine Environment
- NOx Tier I, II and III: MARPOL Annex VI Reg.13
- NTU Effectiveness Method
- NYPE 2015: New York Produce Exchange Time Charter
- Ocean Freight Cost and Surcharges
- Ocean Freight Rates: Structure and Surcharges
- Ocean Physics, Acoustics and Chemistry
- ODME NLS Oil Setting
- Off-Hire and Performance Claims in Time Charters
- Offshore Cranes and Heavy Lifting
- Offshore Drilling and Wells: The MODU Perspective
- Offshore Permit-to-Work and Emergency Response
- Offshore Support Vessels and Marine Operations
- Offshore, Cruise & Specialised Operations
- Offshore, Windfarm and Specialised Assets
- Oil tanker
- Onboard Carbon Capture for Ships
- OPRC 1990 and OPRC-HNS Protocol: spill response framework
- OSPAR Convention 1992: North-East Atlantic protection
- P I Club Japan
- P I Club Shipowners
- P I Club Skuld
- P I Club Steamship
- P I Club Swedish
- P I Club West
- P&I Clubs and the International Group
- Panama Canal
- Paris Law Crack Growth
- Paris MoU on Port State Control
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Baltic Sea
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Canary Islands
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Florida Keys
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Galapagos Archipelago
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Great Barrier Reef and Torres Strait
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Strait of Bonifacio
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Wadden Sea
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Western European Waters
- Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas: IMO PSSA Guide
- Passenger Ship: SOLAS Definition and Safety Rules
- Paxman Marine Engines
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: ammonia grades
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: bio-LNG
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: blend methodology
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: e-fuels (synthetic / Power-to-Liquid)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: FAME (biodiesel)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: hydrogen
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: LNG (Otto vs Diesel cycle)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: methanol grades
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: nuclear marine propulsion
- Per-fuel well-to-wake intensity: VLSFO and MGO
- Petroleum Coke: IMSBC Code Schedule
- Petter Engines: Petters Ltd of Yeovil
- Phosphate Rock: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Pierson Moskowitz Spectrum Value
- Pig Iron: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Pilot Injection in Dual-Fuel Marine Engines
- Pilot Ladder Rigging Height
- Pilot Ladders and Accommodation Ladders
- Pilotage Operations: SOLAS V, IMO Rules, BRM
- Pipe Friction Coarse Estimate
- Pipe Reynolds Number
- Pipe Wall Thickness
- Piston Crown Cooling in Slow-Speed Marine Engines
- Piston Ring Pack Design: Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Piston Rod Stuffing Box: Function and Overhaul
- Plate Joint Fatigue Life
- Polar Class Ice Pressure
- Polar Code
- Polar Operations
- Port call optimization and container logistics ops
- Port Call Optimization, Berth Allocation and Container Logis
- Port Catalogue
- Port Dues and Disbursements: What a Call Costs
- Port Dues: The Tonnage Charge on the Ship
- Port state control
- Port Terminals
- Ports and Terminals: How the System Works
- Poseidon Principles
- Potash: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Probabilistic Damage Stability: SOLAS II-1
- Propeller Theory: From Momentum to CFD
- PSSA Malpelo Island: Colombia's eastern Pacific shark refuge
- PSSA Paracas National Reserve: Peru's Humboldt refuge
- PSSA Saba Bank: Caribbean Netherlands' submerged atoll PSSA (MEPC.226(58))
- PSSA Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago: Cuba's first Wider Caribbean Region PSSA
- PSSA: North-Western Mediterranean Sea
- Pull Down Time
- Pulse Lubrication Systems for Marine Engines
- Pump Affinity Law
- Pump Affinity Law Flow
- Pump Priming Time
- Pumps in Parallel or
- Ramsar Convention on Wetlands: Guide
- Rapeseed Meal: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Reliability Downtime MTBF MTTR
- Reversible laytime and despatch
- Reward / Surplus Unit issuance and pooling under the IMO Net-Zero Framework
- RFNBO under EU Rules
- Rice: IMSBC Code and Grain Code Carriage
- RightShip GHG Rating
- RINA GREEN PLUS GREEN
- Ro-ro vessel
- Rolls-Royce Power Systems and MTU Corporate History
- Rudder and Steering Systems: SOLAS Guide
- Ruston Marine and Industrial Engines
- Safety Culture, Human Factors and Wage Security
- Safety Performance, HSE Metrics and Seafarer Welfare Economi
- Safety performance, HSE metrics and welfare economics
- Salt: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Salvage Convention 1989: Article 13, 14, SCOPIC
- Sand: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Satcom and Vessel Tracking: How Ships Connect
- Scavenge Port Geometry and Timing in Two-Stroke Engines
- Scotts Shipbuilding Greenock: 1711 to 1984
- SCR Retrofit on Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Sea Cargo Charter: Climate Framework for Charterers
- Sea Ice Compressive Strength
- Sea Trials and Performance Testing
- Seakeeping: Ship Performance in Waves
- Search and Rescue: How Maritime SAR Works
- SEEMP I, II and III
- Selective catalytic reduction (marine NOx Tier III)
- SEMT-Pielstick Marine Diesel Engines
- Sewage Holding Tank Sizing for Ships
- SFOC Curves: Load, Tuning, and Correction
- Shell Plating Rule Minimum
- Ship Arrest, Liens and Judicial Sales
- Ship Efficiency Indices: EEDI, EEXI & CII
- Ship Finance and Asset Valuation
- Ship Lines Plan: Hull Geometry Reference
- Ship Motions: Six DOF in a Seaway
- Ship resistance and powering
- Ship Resistance Components: Full Breakdown
- Ship S and P, valuation and market indices
- Ship Sale and Purchase, Valuation and Market Indices
- Ship Sale and Purchase: MOA and S&P Process
- Ship Squat: Shallow-Water Sinkage and UKC
- Ship Vibration: Hull, Propeller & Engine Excitation
- Shipboard Systems
- Shipping Climate Finance and GHG Ratings
- Shipyards
- SIRE 2.0: OCIMF Tanker Inspection Programme
- Slam Location Worst Case
- Slow Steaming
- Slow steaming and CII: the speed lever
- Slow Steaming and Engine Cleanliness
- Smart Shipping and Autonomy: The Three Layers
- Soda Ash: IMSBC Code Schedule and Bulk Carriage
- SOLAS Chapter I: General Provisions, Surveys and Certificates
- SOLAS Chapter II-1: Construction and Stability
- SOLAS Chapter II-2: Fire Protection, Detection, Extinction
- SOLAS Chapter III: Life-Saving Appliances
- SOLAS Chapter IV: Radio Communications and the GMDSS
- SOLAS Chapter V: Safety of Navigation
- SOLAS Chapter VI: Carriage of Cargoes and Oil Fuels
- SOLAS Chapter VII: Carriage of Dangerous Goods
- SOLAS Chapter VIII: Nuclear Ships
- SOLAS Chapter X: Safety Measures for High-Speed Craft
- SOLAS Chapter XI-1: Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Safety
- SOLAS Chapter XI-2: Maritime Security and ISPS Code
- SOLAS Chapter XII: Bulk Carrier Safety Measures
- SOLAS Chapter XIII: Verification of Compliance
- SOLAS Chapter XIV: Safety in Polar Waters
- SOLAS Chapter XV: Industrial Personnel
- SOLAS Convention
- SOLAS Lookup
- Soya Beans: IMSBC Code and Grain Code Guide
- SPAW Protocol 1990: Caribbean Biodiversity Treaty
- Specialised Cargo and Hull Engineering
- Specialised Ship Types: Ro-ro, Reefer, Heavy-Lift
- Specific fuel oil consumption (SFOC)
- Specific Speed Ns
- Speed and Consumption Warranties in Time Charters
- Stability, Trim, Draft and Loading
- Statement of Facts
- STCW Chapter II: Masters and Deck Department Officers
- STCW Chapter III: Engine Department Officer + Rating Cert
- STCW Chapter V: Special Training Requirements
- STCW Chapter VI: Emergency, Safety, Security + Survival
- STCW Chapter VIII: Watchkeeping + Rest Hours
- STCW Convention
- Steel Scrap: IMSBC Schedule and Carriage Guide
- Stefan Boltzmann Radiation
- Stiffened Panel Euler Buckling
- Stiffener Section Modulus Rule
- Stirling Air-Independent Propulsion for Submarines
- Stockholm Agreement
- Stork-Werkspoor Diesel: Dutch Marine Engines
- Strait of Malacca
- Stribeck Regime Check
- Strip Theory Added Mass
- Structural Scantlings, Hull Girder and Fatigue
- SUA Convention 1988: Maritime Security Law
- Subdivision and Floodable Length: SOLAS II-1
- Subsea, Pipelay and Offshore Installation
- Suez Canal
- Sugar: IMSBC Code Schedule and Bulk Carriage
- Sulphur: IMSBC Code Schedule and Carriage
- Sulzer Marine Diesel Engines: History 1898 to WinGD
- Supplementary Fund Protocol 2003: third-tier oil pollution
- Surveys, Condition Monitoring and Technical Certification
- Tanker Op Cargo cooling
- Tanker Op ESD testing
- Tanker Op Flame arrester
- Tanker Op Gas up
- Tanker Op Line flushing
- Tanker Op Loading plan
- Tanker Op Purging pipeline
- Tanker Op Venting fully
- Tanker Op Venting pressurised
- Tanker Size Classes: MR to ULCC Explained
- Tehran Convention 2003: Caspian Sea Framework Convention
- Terminal Handling Charges: The Per-Box Port Cost
- Terminal Throughput, Cranes and Yard Ops
- Terrestrial Passage, Squat, UKC and Pilotage
- Tier 1 Required GFI standard (MARPOL Annex VI Chapter 4 ter)
- Tier 2 Direct Compliance Threshold (DCT) well-to-wake
- Tier III Two-Stroke Engines: NOx Compliance Guide
- Time charter party
- Tokyo MoU: Asia-Pacific Port State Control
- Tokyo MoU: Asia-Pacific Port State Control regional framework
- Tonnage measurement of ships
- Torres Strait PSSA: Compulsory Pilotage Dispute
- Towage and Salvage Operations
- Trim and list
- Trim Optimisation
- Trunk Piston Engine Architecture Explained
- Tug Operations and Bollard Pull
- Two-Stroke Engine Future Developments
- Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Fundamentals
- UK ETS for Shipping
- UN/LOCODE: structure, function codes, status flags
- Unclassified
- UNCLOS overview for shipping
- Underwriting, P and I and Premium Sizing
- UNEP Regional Seas Programme: Conventions and Scope
- UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme
- Uniflow Scavenging in Two-Stroke Marine Engines
- Union Registry maritime accounts (MOHA)
- Unit Conversions
- Unit Conversions (advanced)
- Urea: IMSBC Schedule and Bulk Cargo Carriage
- US Caribbean ECA: MARPOL Annex VI emission control area
- UTM Thickness Coverage by
- Vetting, PSC, Audits and Class Surveys
- VFD Harmonic TDD Screen
- Voluntary Carbon Credits in Shipping
- Volvo Penta Marine Engines and the IPS Pod Drive
- Voyage charter party
- Voyage Data Recorder (VDR + S-VDR): SOLAS V/20 marine black box
- Voyage Estimation: TCE, Bunkers, and Canal Economics
- Voyage Fixtures, TCE and Fleet Optimization
- Vulcanus (1910): First Sea-Going Diesel Motor Ship
- War Risk and High-Risk-Area Transit
- War Risk, Piracy and Security Premiums
- War Risks Insurance
- Wartsila 20: Medium-Speed Marine Engine Guide
- Wartsila 31: World-Record Medium-Speed Marine Engine
- Wartsila 32: Medium-Speed Four-Stroke Marine Engine
- Wartsila 46F: Medium-Speed Four-Stroke Marine Engine
- Wartsila 50DF: Dual-Fuel Medium-Speed Marine Engine
- Wartsila Corporate History
- Waste heat recovery system
- Weather Routing
- Web Frame Panel Deflection
- Web Frame Required Depth
- Well-to-Wake Fuel Pathways: Life-Cycle GHG
- Well-to-Wake Intensity
- Wetted Surface Area of a Ship Hull
- What is CII? Carbon Intensity Indicator explained
- What is EEDI? Energy Efficiency Design Index
- What is EEXI? Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index
- Wheat: IMSBC Code and Grain Code Carriage
- Wider Caribbean Region: Cartagena Convention
- Wind-Assisted Propulsion: WASP Guide
- WinGD (Winterthur Gas & Diesel): Corporate History
- WinGD X-DF Engine: Low-Pressure Dual-Fuel Architecture
- World Port Profiles: How to Read a Port Card
- WRC Nairobi 2007: wreck removal convention
- Yanmar Marine Diesel Engines
- Zig Zag Second Overshoot
- Zinc Concentrate: IMSBC Code Schedule