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Thermal NOx (Zeldovich Order-of-Magnitude)

Rough thermal-NOx formation rate from the extended Zeldovich mechanism. Doubling every ~90 K above 1800 K.

CombustionEmissionsNOx
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Formula, assumptions, and limits

Rateexp ⁣(69090T)\text{Rate} \propto \exp\!\left(-\frac{69090}{T}\right)
SymbolMeaningUnit
TTFlame temperatureK
RateRateRelative rate vs 2000 K reference×

Source: Zeldovich (1946) - NO formation in flames; Heywood - Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals Ch.11

In short

Rough thermal-NOx formation rate from the extended Zeldovich mechanism.

Learn the theory Engine Performance Monitoring: PMI Systems