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Retrofit Payback

Simple payback and NPV for an energy-saving retrofit - WHR, air lubrication, wind assist, hull coating, battery hybrid. Inputs: capex, annual fuel saved, bunker price, discount rate and project horizon.

LifecycleEconomic
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Formula, assumptions, and limits

Savingannual=FsavedPfuel+CavoidedPcarbonOpex\text{Saving}_\text{annual} = F_\text{saved} \cdot P_\text{fuel} + C_\text{avoided} \cdot P_\text{carbon} - \text{Opex}
SymbolMeaningUnit
CapexCapexUp-front capital costUSD
OpexOpexIncremental annual operating costUSD / year
FsavedF_\text{saved}Fuel savedt / year
PfuelP_\text{fuel}Bunker priceUSD / t
CavoidedC_\text{avoided}CO₂ avoided (subject to carbon price)t / year
PcarbonP_\text{carbon}Effective EUA + FuelEU carbon priceUSD / t
rrDiscount ratefraction
NNProject horizonyears

Source: Stopford - *Maritime Economics* (investment appraisal chapter); IMO Global MTCC Network - energy-efficient technology finance guidance

In short

Simple payback and NPV for an energy-saving ship retrofit including bunker and carbon-price savings.

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