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Battery Hybrid / Peak-Shaving

Battery packs displace aux-engine running by absorbing load peaks and filling load troughs with steady generator output. Net saving depends on aux SFOC curve shape and round-trip battery efficiency - typically 5–12 % of aux fuel on well-sized installations.

DesignHybridBattery
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Formula, assumptions, and limits

ΔF=(SFOCpeakSFOCavg)Ebatt106ηRT\Delta F = \frac{(\text{SFOC}_\text{peak} - \text{SFOC}_\text{avg}) \cdot E_\text{batt}}{10^6 \cdot \eta_\text{RT}}
SymbolMeaningUnit
ΔF\Delta FAnnual fuel savedt
SFOCpeak\text{SFOC}_\text{peak}Aux SFOC at peak loadg / kWh
SFOCavg\text{SFOC}_\text{avg}Aux SFOC at optimum (average) loadg / kWh
EbattE_\text{batt}Annual kWh cycled through battery (capacitycycles365\text{capacity} \cdot \text{cycles} \cdot 365)kWh
ηRT\eta_\text{RT}Battery round-trip efficiencyfraction

Source: DNV - *Battery systems for maritime applications*; Corvus Energy - ESS white papers; IMO MSC.1/Circ.1645 - safety guidelines on lithium-ion batteries

In short

Fuel and CO₂ saving from a hybrid battery pack that smooths aux-engine load profile.

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