Battery Hybrid / Peak-Shaving
Battery packs displace aux-engine running by absorbing load peaks and filling load troughs with steady generator output. Net saving depends on aux SFOC curve shape and round-trip battery efficiency - typically 5–12 % of aux fuel on well-sized installations.
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Formula, assumptions, and limits
| Symbol | Meaning | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Annual fuel saved | t | |
| Aux SFOC at peak load | g / kWh | |
| Aux SFOC at optimum (average) load | g / kWh | |
| Annual kWh cycled through battery () | kWh | |
| Battery round-trip efficiency | fraction |
Source: DNV - *Battery systems for maritime applications*; Corvus Energy - ESS white papers; IMO MSC.1/Circ.1645 - safety guidelines on lithium-ion batteries
In short
Fuel and CO₂ saving from a hybrid battery pack that smooths aux-engine load profile.