Baltic Sea Level Trend

The Baltic sea-level trend is the regional sea-level change recorded around the Baltic Sea, dominated by glacial isostatic adjustment rather than by ocean rise alone. The northern Baltic crust is still rebounding from the Fennoscandian ice sheet, so land uplift near the Gulf of Bothnia reaches about 8 to 9 mm per year, producing falling relative sea level there. In the southern Baltic the land is near-stable or subsiding, so relative sea level rises. The contrast makes the Baltic a textbook case for separating absolute (eustatic plus steric) rise from vertical land motion using long tide-gauge records and GNSS.