SST k-omega model

The SST k-omega model is Menter’s shear-stress transport turbulence closure that blends two models with a function F1: it uses Wilcox k-omega near the wall, where that model excels, and switches to a transformed k-epsilon in the free stream, where it avoids k-omega’s freestream sensitivity. A second function F2 caps the eddy viscosity by bounding the shear stress to the turbulent kinetic energy, nu_t = a1 k / max(a1 omega, S F2), which improves prediction of adverse-pressure-gradient flows and separation onset. Menter introduced it in 1994. It is the default RANS model for hull resistance, appendage flows, and propeller hydrodynamics in most marine CFD.