Topping off

Topping off is the final stage of loading, adding cargo in small amounts to bring the ship down to its permitted load line without overloading. The chief officer trims the last parcels to hit the marks for the load line zone and season the voyage will pass through, allowing for fuel and water burned before reaching open water and for the density change from harbor to sea water. On tankers it means filling tanks to the planned ullage; on bulkers it means distributing the last tonnes to control draft, trim, and bending moment. Loading too far past the marks is a load line offense.