GNSS Spoofing

GNSS spoofing transmits counterfeit satellite signals that a receiver accepts as genuine, pulling the reported position, course, or time away from reality, a deception rather than the denial that jamming causes. At sea it can drag a ship’s ECDIS fix off track or fabricate a location, and clustered spoofing near ports and straits has misplaced hundreds of vessels at once. Defenses combine multi-frequency receivers, inertial navigation cross-checks, and signal-authentication features now appearing in Galileo.