Onshore Power Supply (OPS)

Onshore power supply, also called cold ironing or shore power, feeds a berthed ship electricity from the grid so it can shut down its auxiliary engines and stop burning fuel at the quay. It removes the SOx, NOx, particulate, and CO2 emissions of hotelling load, which matters most in port cities, and is mandated for major EU ports for containerships and passenger ships from 2030 under the FuelEU Maritime regulation. The constraint is matching ship and shore voltage, frequency, and connector standards.