WiSAFE/WIMAX (Port)

WiSAFE/WiMAX in the port context describes fixed wireless broadband backhaul for terminal automation and IoT, carrying data between cranes, automated guided vehicles, gates, and the operations center over a private network. WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) provides licensed or unlicensed point-to-multipoint links over kilometers at higher rates than narrowband LPWAN. Ports use such wireless backhaul where trenched fiber to every moving asset is impractical, though many automated terminals have moved to private LTE or 5G for crane control. It complements LPWAN sensor networks rather than replacing fiber trunks.