Industrial IoT (IIoT)

Industrial IoT (IIoT) is the networking of sensors, controllers, and machinery in industrial settings to collect operational data and enable analytics, condition monitoring, and remote control. On a ship that means engine-room, cargo, and auxiliary sensors feeding an ISO 19847:2018 data server with data named per ISO 19848:2018, often exchanged through OPC UA (IEC 62541) for interoperability between vendor systems. IIoT distinguishes itself from consumer IoT by its operational-technology context: the cyber exposure it adds to safety-critical control systems is the reason IACS UR E26 and E27 and IEC 62443 apply.