Ammonia bunkering
X34. Decarbonization, Alternative Fuels and Carbon PricingDefinition
Ship-to-ship or shore-to-ship transfer of liquid ammonia at approximately minus 33 C atmospheric pressure or semi-refrigerated.
Ammonia bunkering transfers liquid ammonia as fuel, either fully refrigerated at about minus 33 degrees Celsius and atmospheric pressure or semi-refrigerated under modest pressure. Its acute toxicity drives the safety regime: vapor detection, scrubbing of vents, exclusion zones, and emergency release couplings beyond what LNG or methanol need. Pilot operations and bunkering guidelines are emerging at ports including Singapore, with the IGC-Code containment experience from ammonia carriers informing the transfer standards as the ammonia-fueled fleet begins to enter service.
Source: IMO developing ammonia bunkering guidelines; IGC Code