Carbon Pricing

Carbon pricing puts a cost on greenhouse gas emissions to shift fuel and operating choices toward lower-carbon options. Shipping faces it through the EU ETS allowance market and FuelEU Maritime penalties already in force, the UK ETS extension, and the proposed IMO economic element of the Net-Zero Framework, which would price emissions above a GFI threshold. The IMO measure is not in force, having been adjourned at the October 2025 adoption session, so the EU instruments are the only mandatory carbon prices on international shipping today.