Sensor Fusion

Combining inputs from multiple sensors (radar, AIS, GNSS, cameras, LiDAR, and inertial units) into a single tracked picture of targets and own-ship state more reliable than any one source. On conventional bridges it underlies radar/AIS target association in ARPA per IMO MSC.192(79); in MASS and autoberthing it produces the perception layer for collision avoidance and docking. Class guidance such as DNV-CG-0264 treats sensor fusion as a safety-critical function requiring validation of the combined system, not just each sensor.