Extended Operational and Trade Vocabulary

Fishing Vessels and Fisheries Management glossary (page 2)

The fishing-vessel and management vocabulary: STCW-F and ILO C188 safety requirements, the RFMO-managed species (Atlantic bluefin under ICCAT), abnormal-catch reporting, above-deck processing, and the gear, quota, and vessel-type terms. Grounds each term in the fisheries-management measure or the fishing-vessel operation it belongs to.

596 defined terms.

Showing 250 on this page (page 2 of 3).

G

Gulf of Alaska Pollock Fishery: US managed fishery distinct from Bering Sea pollock and subject to separate TAC and seasonal allocations.
Gulf of Maine Cod: Stock managed under the New England Fishery Management Council Northeast Multispecies Plan.
Gulf of Mexico Reef Fish IFQ: US individual fishing quota program for red snapper and grouper, implemented in 2007 and 2010.

H

Haddock: *Melanogrammus aeglefinus*, a North Atlantic gadid.
Hake: Members of the genera *Merluccius* and *Urophycis*, important demersal fishery resources.
Half Decker: Small fishing vessel with partial deck coverage, common in inshore coastal fleets.
Hand Line: Single fishing line operated by hand, used commercially for high value species such as bluefin tuna in some artisanal fisheries.
Harbor Seal Interaction (Salmon Gillnet): Pinniped depredation event affecting catch in coastal salmon gillnet fisheries.
Haul Back (Trawl): Phase of operation in which warps and net are recovered to the vessel.
Headline: Upper edge of the trawl mouth, fitted with floats to maintain vertical opening.
Headline Height: Vertical opening of the trawl mouth, a parameter monitored by trawl sonar.
Headline Sonar: Acoustic sensor mounted on the headline to monitor net geometry and fish entry.
Herring: *Clupea harengus* (Atlantic) and *Clupea pallasii* (Pacific), key forage fishes.
High Seas Boarding and Inspection: Regime under the UN Fish Stocks Agreement 1995 and several RFMOs allowing inspection of fishing vessels on the high seas.
High Seas Fishing Authorization: License issued by a flag state under the FAO Compliance Agreement 1993 for vessels fishing on the high seas.
Hoki: *Macruronus novaezelandiae*, a New Zealand and southwestern Pacific gadid relative.
Hold Plan (Fishing Vessel): Approved drawing of refrigerated cargo spaces required for stability and classification purposes.
Hook Counter (Longline): Mechanical device recording hooks deployed for logbook reporting under RFMO requirements.
Hopper (Pelagic Trawler): Receiving tank where pumped catch is dewatered before grading.

I

IATTC: Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission.
IBQ (Individual Bluefin Quota): US individual quota program for Atlantic bluefin tuna under the Highly Migratory Species FMP.
ICCAT: International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas.
ICCAT Convention Area: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean, including adjacent seas such as the Mediterranean.
ICCAT Recommendation 22-08: ICCAT measure on the management of eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean bluefin tuna.
Ice Hold: Refrigerated cargo space using flake or slurry ice to chill packaged or bulk fish.
ICES: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, providing scientific advice.
ICES Advisory Committee (ACOM): Body issuing ICES catch advice.
ICES Working Group on the Assessment of Demersal Stocks (WGCSE): ICES expert body assessing Celtic Sea and southwest demersal stocks.
ICES Working Group on Widely Distributed Stocks (WGWIDE): ICES expert body assessing mackerel, blue whiting, and Atlantic Scandian herring.
IFQ: Individual Fishing Quota, a transferable allocation of a TAC to an eligible holder.
Ihre (Pulse Trawl Pioneer Vessel): Dutch beam trawler historically associated with pulse trawl trials before the EU ban took effect on 1 July 2021.
Illegal Fishing: Fishing in contravention of national laws or RFMO conservation measures, the I of IUU.
Illex argentinus: Argentine shortfin squid, targeted by jiggers in the Southwest Atlantic.
ILO C188 (Work in Fishing Convention 2007): International Labour Organization Convention adopted in 2007 and in force from 16 November 2017 covering working conditions on fishing vessels.
IMO Fishing Vessel Identification Scheme: Unique seven digit IMO number for fishing vessels of 100 gross tonnage and above, voluntary for smaller vessels.
IMR Bergen: Norwegian Institute of Marine Research, principal national fisheries science body contributing to ICES.
Independent Observer (Fisheries): Trained personnel placed aboard fishing vessels to record catch, effort, and compliance under RFMO and national programs.
Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ): Tradable fishing quota allocated to individuals or vessels.
Individual Vessel Quota (IVQ): Allocation tied to a specific vessel that cannot be freely transferred without the vessel.
Industrial Fishery: Large scale capture fishery using mechanized vessels and gear, often distant water or factory based.
Inmarsat C (Fishing Vessel): Standard VMS terminal class historically used for vessel monitoring transmissions.
Inshore Vessel: Fishing vessel typically operating within 12 nautical miles of the coast under coastal state rules.
Intermediate Survey (Fishing Vessel): Periodic classification survey required at approximately the midpoint of the class certificate cycle.
International Pole and Line Foundation (IPNLF): Industry and NGO body promoting pole and line and handline tuna fisheries.
International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF): Partnership of tuna companies, scientists, and WWF promoting science based tuna management.
IOTC: Indian Ocean Tuna Commission.
IOTC Resolution 19-01: Measure adopting an interim management plan for yellowfin tuna in the Indian Ocean.
IPHC: International Pacific Halibut Commission.
IPNLF: International Pole and Line Foundation, advocating one by one tuna fisheries.
IPOA-Capacity (FAO 1999): International Plan of Action for the Management of Fishing Capacity.
IPOA-IUU (FAO 2001): International Plan of Action to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing.
ITQ Allocation: Initial assignment of an ITQ, generally based on historical catch shares.
IUU Fishing: Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing.
IUU Vessel List (RFMO): Public list maintained by RFMOs such as ICCAT, IOTC, and CCAMLR of vessels engaged in IUU activities.

J

Jack mackerel: Schooling pelagic of the genus *Trachurus*.
Japan Fisheries Agency: National authority administering Japanese fishing fleet and RFMO commitments.
Japanese Distant Water Tuna Longline Fleet: Fleet of freezer longliners targeting bigeye, bluefin, and albacore tuna in all three oceans.
Japanese Pole and Line Tuna Fleet: Vessels using live bait and bamboo poles for skipjack tuna, particularly in Kochi and Kagoshima.
Jellyfish Bloom (Fishery Impact): Mass aggregation that can clog trawls and pumps, affecting pelagic and demersal fisheries.
Jet Drive (Fishing Vessel): Waterjet propulsion used in some shallow draft inshore vessels.
Jigger: After mast of a four-masted vessel; small tackle.
Jigging Light: High intensity lamp used on squid jiggers to attract Illex argentinus and Todarodes pacificus.
Jigging Machine: Computer controlled reel that automates squid jigging.
Joint Venture (Fisheries): Cooperative arrangement between domestic and foreign vessels, historically common in former Soviet sphere fisheries.

K

Kamchatka Crab: Russian designation for Paralithodes camtschaticus introduced to the Barents Sea.
Katsuobushi: Japanese dried skipjack tuna product, the historical end use of much pole and line skipjack catch.
Kelp Catch (Bycatch): Marine plant material caught in trawls and dredges, generally a nuisance bycatch.
King crab: Lithodid crab of the genera *Paralithodes*, *Lithodes*, etc.
King Salmon: Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, the largest Pacific salmon, harvested by trollers, gillnetters, and seiners.
Knotless Netting: Net construction used in cod ends and brailers to reduce fish damage and crew injury.
Korean Distant Water Fishing Fleet: Vessels operating under MOF licenses in tuna, squid, and demersal fisheries worldwide.
Kosher Slaughter (Fishery Note): Not applicable to capture fishing; included only to distinguish from livestock processing.
Krill Trawl: Pelagic gear designed to filter Euphausia superba, often with continuous pumping arrangements.
Kyokuyo: Major Japanese fisheries and food company operating distant water vessels and aquaculture interests.

L

Labeo Net (Inland Fishery): Indian inland fishery gear, mentioned to distinguish from marine commercial nets.
Land Or Discard Choice (Pre-Landing Obligation): Historical decision faced by EU vessels before the discard ban took full effect.
Landing Declaration: Statement of species and weights landed, required under EU Regulation 1224/2009 and most national systems.
Landing Obligation: EU Common Fisheries Policy requirement to land all catches of TAC regulated species, phased in from 2015 to 2019.
Length overall (LOA): Maximum length including overhangs.
Lerow (Lerøy Seafood Group): Norwegian salmon farming and seafood company operating well boats and processing vessels.
Lift Net: Active gear consisting of a horizontal net lifted from below to scoop fish, used in tropical small scale fisheries.
Light Boat (Tuna Purse Seine): Auxiliary vessel deploying lights at night to attract baitfish around a school for set up.
Liner Vessel (Longliner Variant): Older term for a hook and line vessel, predating modern longliner nomenclature.
Lingcod Pot Fishery: Pacific Northwest pot fishery distinct from king crab pot fisheries.
Live Bait Pole and Line: Tuna fishing method in which scattered live anchovy or sardine excite a school for pole capture.
Live Bait Tank: Refrigerated and aerated tank aboard pole and line vessels to hold live bait fish.
Live Fish Carrier (LFTV): Live fish transport vessel used for salmon, tuna, and other species, including transfer of bluefin from purse seine to farm cages.
Live Reef Food Fish Trade: Asian market sector involving live wrasse and grouper, subject to CITES Appendix II for humphead wrasse.
Lobster Boat: Small inshore vessel rigged with a hauler and bait tank for setting and retrieving lobster traps.
Longline: Fishing line with many baited hooks.
Longliner: Vessel rigged with a line hauler and storage for the mainline and gangions, deployed in pelagic or demersal configuration.
Loop Set (Tuna Purse Seine): Setting maneuver in which the seiner encircles a school in a closed loop before pursing.
Lost Gear Recovery: Operation to retrieve abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear, addressed by the Global Ghost Gear Initiative.
Lumb (Tusk): Brosme brosme, a demersal species taken as bycatch in Northeast Atlantic longline and gillnet fisheries.

M

Mackerel: Pelagic scombrid fishes of the genus *Scomber* and related taxa.
Madeiran Black Scabbardfish: Aphanopus carbo, a deep water demersal species harvested by Portuguese longliners.
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act: US federal fisheries law of 1976 reauthorized in 2006 establishing the regional fishery management council system.
Mainline (Longline): Principal heavy line on a longline to which branch lines and floats are attached.
Maluku Tuna Fishery: Indonesian small scale and industrial tuna fishery managed under WCPFC and IOTC overlap rules.
Margiris: Pelagic factory trawler measuring 142 meters and flagged in Lithuania, among the largest fishing vessels operating.
Marine Stewardship Council (MSC): NGO that certifies sustainable wild-capture fisheries.
Maruha Nichiro: Major Japanese fisheries and food company, operator of distant water tuna and other fleets.
Master Fishing License: National qualification authorizing command of a fishing vessel above a defined size threshold.
Mate (Fishing Vessel): Officer immediately subordinate to the skipper, qualifications addressed by STCW-F.
Maximum Economic Yield (MEY): Catch level maximizing resource rent.
Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY): Largest catch that can on average be taken indefinitely.
Medina Panel: Mesh section in tuna purse seine nets that facilitates dolphin release during backdown.
Mediterranean Bluefin Tuna Farm: Tuna farming operation receiving live bluefin from purse seine, regulated under ICCAT Recommendation on bluefin farming.
Mediterranean Swordfish: Xiphias gladius stock managed by ICCAT under Recommendation 16-05 and subsequent updates.
Merluza Hubbsi: Spanish trade name for Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi).
Mesh Size Regulation: Minimum mesh size rules to allow juvenile escape.
Mid-Water Trawl: Pelagic trawl operated above the seabed for schooling species, towed singly or in pairs.
Mid-Water Trawler: Vessel rigged for midwater trawling, distinguished from bottom trawlers by net design and warp control.
MMSI (Fishing Vessel): Maritime Mobile Service Identity assigned by the flag state for AIS and DSC use.
Mobile Gear: Fishing gear that is towed or driven during fishing, including trawls, seines, and dredges.
Mola Mola Bycatch: Ocean sunfish often caught and released in tuna purse seine and longline fisheries.
Moored FAD: Anchored fish aggregating device used in coastal tuna fisheries.
Mother Ship: Large processing or supply vessel served by catcher vessels, used in Japanese tuna and Russian crab fleets.
Mother Ship Operation: Joint venture model in which catchers deliver to a mother ship that processes, freezes, and stores product.
Mowi: Norwegian salmon farming company, the world's largest by volume, operating well boats and service vessels.
MSY: Maximum Sustainable Yield, the largest long term average catch achievable.
Multi-Rig Trawler: Vessel towing more than two trawls simultaneously, including twin and quad otter trawl configurations.

N

NAFO: Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization.
NAFO Conservation and Enforcement Measures (CEM): Annual compilation of NAFO regulatory measures.
NAFO Division: Statistical and management subdivision of the NAFO Convention area, designated by alphanumeric codes such as 3M and 3L.
NAMMCO: North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission, established by the 1992 Agreement, distinct from RFMOs but interfacing on bycatch.
National Plan of Action (NPOA-IUU): National document implementing the FAO IPOA-IUU 2001.
Navigation Light Requirements (Fishing Vessel): COLREG Rule 26 defines lights and shapes for fishing vessels engaged in trawling or other fishing.
Navigator (Fishing Vessel): Crew member responsible for navigation, qualifications addressed by STCW-F.
NEAFC: North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission.
NEAFC Regulatory Area: High seas part of the NEAFC Convention area subject to NEAFC measures.
Net Drum: Hydraulic drum at the stern of a trawler used to store and shoot the trawl net.
Net Sonar: Acoustic system providing live information on trawl geometry and fish entry into the cod end.
Newfoundland Inshore Cod Fishery Moratorium: Canadian closure declared in 1992 for northern cod, partially relaxed in subsequent years.
Nippon Suisan Kaisha (Nissui): Major Japanese fisheries company operating in trawling, tuna, and aquaculture.
NMFS: US National Marine Fisheries Service within NOAA, federal manager of US fisheries.
No-Take Zone: MPA where extractive activities are prohibited.
NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States.
NOAA SIMP: Seafood Import Monitoring Program, a US documentation and traceability program for imports of priority species.
North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organization (NASCO): Established by the 1982 Convention to manage Atlantic salmon stocks.
North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission (NPAFC): Established by the 1992 Convention on the Conservation of Anadromous Stocks in the North Pacific Ocean.
North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC): Established by the 2012 Convention and headquartered in Tokyo.
North Sea Demersal Trawl Fleet: EU and UK trawlers targeting cod, haddock, whiting, plaice, and sole in ICES Subarea 4.
North Sea Plaice: Pleuronectes platessa stock assessed by the ICES WGNSSK working group.
Norwegian Coastal Reference Fleet: Sample of Norwegian coastal vessels reporting detailed catch and effort to the Institute of Marine Research.
Norwegian Mackerel Pelagic Fleet: Norwegian pelagic vessels targeting Atlantic mackerel under coastal state allocations.
Norwegian Spring Spawning Herring: Atlantic Scandian herring stock managed by Norway, Russia, Iceland, Faroes, and the EU.
Notify Party (Fish Carrier): Consignee designation on a fish carrier bill of lading specifying the party to be notified on arrival.
NPFC Convention Area: Northwestern Pacific high seas area managed by the NPFC.

O

Observer Coverage: Proportion of fishing trips with a scientific or compliance observer onboard, set by RFMO measures.
Observer Program (RFMO): System for placing observers on fishing and carrier vessels to record catch, bycatch, and transshipment.
Ocean Disposal of Bycatch: Discard at sea, restricted under EU landing obligation and many RFMO measures.
Oil and Gas Exclusion Zone (Fishery Impact): Area around offshore installations where fishing is prohibited under coastal state rules.
Olympic Fishery: Race for fish under an aggregate TAC without individual allocation, largely replaced by IFQ systems.
Onboard Processing: Cleaning, filleting, freezing, or surimi production on factory trawlers and motherships.
Operational Discard Plan: EU plan under Article 15 of the Common Fisheries Policy specifying species and exemptions under the landing obligation.
Operational Tactical Order (Fishing Vessel): Internal command from skipper to mate and crew during fishing operations.
Orange roughy: *Hoplostethus atlanticus*, a long-lived deep-sea fish.
Otter Board: Trawl door that shears outward to spread the trawl mouth, typically 2 to 7 square meters per side on commercial vessels.
Otter Trawl: Bottom or midwater trawl spread by otter boards, the most common trawl configuration worldwide.
Otter Trawler: Vessel rigged to tow an otter trawl, usually with two warps from stern winches.
Outrigger Trawler: Vessel rigged with side booms to tow two trawls simultaneously without otter boards.
Overall Length (LOA): Defining dimension for fishing vessel categories under EU and FAO statistics.
Overcapacity: Fleet ability to catch more than the sustainable yield, addressed by FAO IPOA-Capacity 1999.
Overfished: Stock status in which biomass is below a defined limit reference point.
Overfishing: Fishing at levels above sustainable mortality.

P

Pacific halibut: *Hippoglossus stenolepis*, large flatfish managed by IPHC.
Pair Seiner: Two vessels deploying a Scottish or anchor seine cooperatively.
Pair Trawler: Two vessels towing a single pelagic or demersal trawl between them.
Paragraph 11 RFMO Listing: IUU listing process under several RFMOs by which vessels are entered on the IUU list after due process.
Passive Gear: Stationary or drifting gear that catches by encounter, including gillnets, longlines, pots, and traps.
Patagonian toothfish: *Dissostichus eleginoides*, Southern Ocean fishery species sold as Chilean sea bass.
Pelagic Longliner: Vessel deploying a buoyed mainline near the surface for tuna, swordfish, and sharks.
Pelagic Pair Trawler: Two vessels towing a single midwater trawl, used for bass, sea trout, and tuna in some fisheries.
Pelagic Species: Fish living in the upper and middle water column rather than on the seabed.
Pelagic Trawler: Vessel towing a midwater trawl for schooling species such as herring, mackerel, and blue whiting.
Permitted Catch: Catch authorized under a vessel's flag and coastal state licenses.
Peruvian Anchoveta Fishery: Largest single species capture fishery in the world, managed by IMARPE and PRODUCE.
Plaice: *Pleuronectes platessa*, a North Atlantic flatfish.
Plate freezer: Refrigeration installation on fishing vessels for product freezing.
Pole and Line Tuna Vessel: Vessel using live bait and bamboo or fiberglass poles with barbless hooks to catch tuna one by one.
Polish Distant Water Trawler Fleet: Historic fleet of B series stern trawlers built in Gdynia for Atlantic and Pacific operations.
Pollock: Gadus chalcogrammus (Alaska pollock) and Pollachius pollachius (Atlantic pollock).
Port Sampling: Shoreside collection of catch composition and biological data by national agencies and RFMO observer programs.
Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA): FAO agreement adopted in 2009 and in force from 5 June 2016, the first binding international instrument targeting IUU fishing via port controls.
Port State Notification (PSMA): Advance notice from a fishing or carrier vessel requesting entry to a port under PSMA Article 8.
Pot Vessel: Vessel rigged to deploy and retrieve baited pots for crab, lobster, or whelk.
PRODUCE (Peru Ministerio de la Producción): Peruvian ministry administering fisheries through Viceministerio de Pesca.
Provisional TAC: Interim total allowable catch set pending completion of stock assessment.
Pulse Trawl: Beam trawl using pulsed electric current to stimulate flatfish; banned in EU waters from 1 July 2021 under Regulation 2019/1241.
Purse Davit: Lifting arm used in tuna purse seine operations to handle the purse line and rings.
Purse Line: Wire or rope passing through rings at the bottom of a purse seine, drawn to close the net.
Purse Seine: Encircling net closed at the bottom by a draw line.
Purse Seiner: Vessel rigged to deploy and recover a purse seine, including small coastal and large tuna super-seiners.

Q

Quad Rig Trawler: Vessel towing four trawls simultaneously, used in some Gulf of Mexico shrimp and similar fisheries.
Quota Management System (New Zealand): ITQ based system established under the Fisheries Act 1996 covering most commercial species.
Quota Pool: Aggregation of individual quotas administered collectively by a cooperative or organization.
Quota Transfer: Transaction by which an ITQ or annual catch entitlement is reassigned between holders.

R

Race For Fish: Competitive Olympic style derby under aggregate TAC, largely superseded by IFQ systems.
Radar (Fishing Vessel): Required under SOLAS Chapter V for larger vessels and routinely fitted on smaller commercial fishing vessels.
Rainfall Closure (Salmon Fishery): Spawning related closure triggered by river flow conditions in some salmon management plans.
Re-Identification (IUU Vessel): Practice of changing vessel name, flag, and IMO number to evade IUU listing.
Recovery Plan (Stock): Multiannual plan to rebuild an overfished stock toward BMSY, required under US Magnuson-Stevens Act and EU CFP.
Red List Species (IUCN, Commercial): IUCN classification used to flag conservation concern for commercially fished species.
Redfish: Slow-growing rockfishes of the genus *Sebastes*.
Reefer Carrier (Fish): Refrigerated transport vessel carrying frozen fish from fishing grounds to shore, distinct from container reefers.
Reference Point: Benchmark biomass or fishing mortality used in stock status determination.
Refrigerated Sea Water (RSW): Chilled seawater used to preserve pelagic catch in dedicated tanks on purse seiners and pelagic trawlers.
Regional Fisheries Body (FAO Term): Generic term encompassing RFMOs and advisory bodies.
Regional Fisheries Management Organization (RFMO): Intergovernmental body managing fisheries in international waters or for highly migratory stocks.
Regulation 1224/2009 (EU Control): EU regulation establishing a control system to ensure compliance with the Common Fisheries Policy.
Regulation 1380/2013 (EU CFP): EU regulation on the Common Fisheries Policy framework.
Regulation 2017/2403 (EU SMEFF): EU regulation on sustainable management of external fishing fleets.
Regulation 2019/1241 (EU Technical Measures): EU regulation including the pulse trawl ban from 1 July 2021.
Resource Assessment Working Group: Generic term for ICES, NAFO, and ICCAT scientific bodies producing stock advice.
Retained Catch: Portion of catch kept on board for landing, as opposed to discarded.
Right of Visit (UNCLOS Article 110): Authority of warships to board vessels on the high seas suspected of certain activities, distinct from RFMO inspection rights.
Rights Based Management: Fisheries management using transferable or non-transferable property style rights such as ITQs.
Ringer (Purse Seine): Steel ring along the bottom of a purse seine through which the purse line is drawn.
Rockhopper Gear: Ground gear with rubber discs designed to roll over rocky bottom.
Roller Gear: Heavy ground gear with steel rollers for trawling on hard bottom.
Rope Trawl: Pelagic trawl with rope sections in the wings to filter water and herd fish toward the cod end.
Round Haul Net: Family of encircling nets including purse seines and lampara nets.
Russian Far East Pollock Fleet: Russian factory and freezer trawlers operating in the Sea of Okhotsk.

S

Saga Sea: Russian flagged pelagic supertrawler, among the larger units in the Northeast Atlantic fleet.
Sairaku Maru Class: Generic reference for Japanese distant water tuna longliners built in the 1980s to 2000s.
SalMar: Norwegian salmon farming company operating well boats and the Ocean Farm 1 offshore unit.
Salmon Gillnetter: Vessel rigged with a power reel to deploy and retrieve gillnets for Pacific and Atlantic salmon.
Salmon Troller: Vessel rigged with multiple trolling lines and lures for Pacific salmon, principally king and coho.
Sankyo (Sankyo Suisan): Japanese fishing company operating tuna longliners in distant waters.
SAR: Search and Rescue, governed by the 1979 SAR Convention and IAMSAR Manual.
Sardine: Small pelagic fish of the family Clupeidae, including *Sardina pilchardus* and *Sardinops* spp.
Sardinella: Sardinella aurita and Sardinella maderensis, the principal pelagic targets of West African purse seine fleets.
Sashimi Grade Tuna: High quality tuna preserved in superfrozen condition on longliners for the Japanese market.
Satellite Vessel Monitoring System (VMS): Automated vessel position reporting required by RFMOs and many flag states.
SBT: Southern Bluefin Tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, managed by CCSBT.
Scampi Trawler: Vessel targeting Nephrops norvegicus with a fine mesh trawl, often fitted with a sorting grid.
Schooling Behavior: Aggregation of pelagic fish exploited by purse seine and pelagic trawl fleets.
Scottish Seiner: Vessel deploying a fly-dragging seine in which warps and net are dragged forward rather than anchored.
Sea Lion Interaction (Trawl): Pinniped depredation event affecting trawl catches in some West Coast US fisheries.
Sea Trial (Fishing Vessel): Builder's trial required before delivery to demonstrate vessel performance.
Seafarer Identity Document (Fishing Vessel): ILO Convention 185 document used by some fishing crew for shore leave and transit.
SEAFO: South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation.
Seasonal Closure: Time-bound closure of a fishery.
Seasonal TAC Split: Allocation of the TAC across the year to manage market flow and seasonal effort.
Sector Allocation (US): Allocation of a portion of a TAC to a defined sector of the fleet under US fishery management plans.
Selectivity (Trawl): Capability of a trawl to retain target species while allowing escape of non-target species.
Set Gillnet: Anchored gillnet, used in coastal salmon, cod, and flatfish fisheries.
Set Gillnetter: Vessel rigged for setting and recovering anchored gillnets.
Set Net Fishery (Japan): Coastal trap net fishery prominent in Japan for yellowtail and salmon.