Extended Operational and Trade Vocabulary

Marine Lubricants and Cylinder Oils glossary (page 2)

The marine-lubricant vocabulary: acid neutralization by alkaline reserve (BN) against fuel-sulfur acids, scrape-down iron analysis for liner wear, additive packages, aeration and antifoam, and the cylinder-oil feed-rate terms. Grounds each term in the lubricant chemistry or the engine-tribology function it serves.

313 defined terms.

Showing 63 on this page (page 2 of 2).

S

Shell Alexia S6: Shell Marine high BN cylinder oil engineered for high-sulfur residual fuel duty on modern long-stroke engines.
Shell Argina S3: Shell Marine trunk piston engine oil for medium-speed four-stroke engines.
Shell Argina T 30: Shell Marine 30 BN trunk piston engine oil for four-stroke medium-speed engines on distillate or low-sulfur residual fuel.
Shell Argina T 40: Shell Marine 40 BN trunk piston engine oil for four-stroke medium-speed engines on intermediate sulfur fuel.
Shell Gadinia: Shell Marine trunk piston engine oil for four-stroke engines on distillate fuels.
Shell Marine: Marine fuels and lubricants business of Shell that markets the Alexia, Argina, and Gadinia ranges.
Sinopec Lubricant: Marine and industrial lubricants business of Sinopec supplying cylinder, system, and trunk piston engine oils.
Sinopec Marina CY 100: Sinopec 100 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke engines on residual fuel.
Sinopec Marina CY 140: Sinopec 140 BN cylinder oil for high-sulfur residual fuel operation on scrubber-fitted vessels.
Sinopec Marina CY 40: Sinopec 40 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke crosshead engines on low-sulfur fuel.
Sinopec Marina CY 50: Sinopec 50 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke engines on low-to-intermediate sulfur fuel.
Sinopec Marina CY 70: Sinopec 70 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke engines on intermediate sulfur fuel.
SIP: Swirl Injection Principle by Hans Jensen Lubricators, where cylinder oil is sprayed into the air swirl to coat the liner uniformly.
Sludge: Water, sediment, and cat fines discharged from purifiers, logged in Oil Record Book.
Soot: Carbonaceous solid from incomplete combustion, contaminant of system oil.
Spectrographic analysis: Element-level used oil testing by emission or absorption spectroscopy.
Stern tube oil: Lubricant for the propeller shaft stern tube bearing, often a biodegradable EAL on VGP-regulated ships.
Sulfated ash: Inorganic residue measured after ashing with sulfuric acid, relevant to lubricants more than fuels.
Sulzer engine: Two-stroke crosshead engine family originally from Sulzer, now under WinGD branding.
Swirl Injection Principle: Hans Jensen cylinder lubrication concept that introduces atomized oil into the combustion air swirl.
System oil: Crankcase lubricant of two-stroke crosshead engines, low BN compared to cylinder oil.

T

Talusia HR 70: Total Lubmarine 70 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke crosshead engines on intermediate sulfur fuels.
Talusia LS 25: Total Lubmarine 25 BN cylinder oil designed for very low sulfur fuel operation.
Talusia LS 30: Total Lubmarine 30 BN cylinder oil for low-sulfur fuel operation.
Talusia LS 40: Total Lubmarine 40 BN cylinder oil for low-to-intermediate sulfur fuel operation.
Talusia LS 50: Total Lubmarine 50 BN cylinder oil for two-stroke crosshead engines on low-sulfur fuels.
Talusia Optima: Total Lubmarine cylinder oil family with optimized performance across a range of fuel sulfur levels.
Talusia Universal: Total Lubmarine cylinder oil intended for use across a wide range of fuel sulfur conditions on two-stroke engines.
Taro Special HT: Chevron cylinder oil family for two-stroke crosshead engines burning residual fuel.
Taro Special HT LF: Chevron low-feed-rate cylinder oil range developed for modern long-stroke two-stroke engines.
TBN: To Be Nominated, used in berth bookings.
TBN by HCl: Base Number determined by hydrochloric acid titration per ASTM D4739, generally lower than the D2896 value on the same sample.
TBN by perchloric: Base Number determined by perchloric acid titration per ASTM D2896, the reference method for fresh oils.
TBN reserve: Remaining Base Number in a used oil sample compared with the fresh specification.
Thermal stability: Resistance of fuel to chemical change on heating in the fuel system upstream of injection.
TLX Plus 304: Castrol Marine 30 BN trunk piston engine oil for four-stroke engines burning distillate or very low sulfur fuel.
TLX Plus 404: Castrol Marine 40 BN trunk piston engine oil for four-stroke engines.
TLX Plus 504: Castrol Marine 50 BN trunk piston engine oil for higher sulfur fuel operation.
Tonengeneral Sekiyu: Predecessor company to current Eneos arrangements that distributed Mobilgard marine lubricants in Japan.
Top ring zone: Region of the cylinder liner near top dead center where peak temperatures and pressures stress the lubricant film.
Total acid number: Measure of acidic constituents in a lubricant determined by potentiometric titration per ASTM D664.
Total Lubmarine: Marine lubricants division of TotalEnergies that markets the Talusia, Aurelia, and Disola product ranges.
TPEO: Trunk Piston Engine Oil used in four-stroke medium and high-speed marine diesel engines.
Tribology: Science of friction, wear, and lubrication relevant to all marine machinery design.
Trunk piston engine: Four-stroke engine without a crosshead, where the piston also acts as a crosshead guide, using a single oil for combustion and crankcase duty.
Turbine oil: Highly refined inhibited oil for steam and gas turbines, typically ISO VG 32 or 46.
Twin entry lubricator: Cylinder lubrication arrangement that supplies multiple quills around the liner from one pump element.

U

Underfeed: Cylinder oil injection rate below the optimum required for wear control, risking corrosive or adhesive damage.
Used oil analysis: Periodic testing of system, cylinder, and TPEO lubricants to monitor wear and contamination.

V

Vacuum gas oil: Refinery cut used as feedstock for many lubricant base oils.
Vessel General Permit: VGP, US EPA discharge permit, distinct from IMO certificates but checked by USCG PSC.
VIDA: Vessel Incidental Discharge Act establishing the framework for US incidental discharge standards including stern tube oil requirements.
Viscosity grade: Designation of lubricant viscosity range per ISO VG or SAE J300.
Viscosity index: Measure of viscosity change with temperature, more relevant to lubricants than fuels.
VLSFO: Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil with sulfur content at or below 0.5 percent mass, used to meet IMO 2020 outside emission control areas.
VLSFO compatibility: Behavior of a cylinder oil when used with very low sulfur fuels, where excessive BN can lead to calcium-rich deposits.

W

Wartsila engine: Medium-speed four-stroke and two-stroke engine ranges from Wartsila, the latter now under WinGD.
Water contamination: Presence of free or emulsified water in lubricating oil, monitored by crackle test, Karl Fischer titration, or FT-IR.
Wear metals: Iron, copper, lead, tin, and chromium quantified in used lube oil by ICP-OES.
Wear protection: Function of base oil viscosity and antiwear additives in maintaining a separating film at loaded contacts.
WinGD: Winterthur Gas and Diesel, the company developing two-stroke crosshead engines descended from the Sulzer line, with associated cylinder oil specifications.

Z

ZDDP: Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, a primary antiwear and antioxidant additive used in hydraulic and many engine oils.
Zinc content: Concentration of zinc in a lubricant, mainly indicative of ZDDP treat rate, measured by ICP-OES.