Extended Operational and Trade Vocabulary

Offshore Wind Installation Vessels and Operators glossary

Vocabulary of the offshore wind construction fleet: service operation vessels, walk-to-work SOVs with motion-compensated gangways, jack-up installation units and deepwater construction vessels, the operators such as Acta Marine, DEME Offshore and Heerema, and the named ships, designs and wind-farm contracts behind turbine, foundation and jacket installation in the North Sea and Baltic.

309 defined terms.

Showing 250 on this page (page 1 of 2).

A

A2SEA: Former Danish offshore wind installation contractor whose fleet, including Sea Installer and Sea Challenger, was acquired by DEME Offshore in 2017.
Acta Auriga: Walk-to-work service operation vessel owned by Acta Marine, delivered in 2018 with an Ampelmann gangway and DP2 station keeping for North Sea wind farm support.
Acta Centaurus: Acta Marine W2W SOV delivered in 2019, sister to Acta Auriga, deployed on Borssele and Hollandse Kust wind farm O&M campaigns.
Acta Marine: Den Helder based Dutch shipowner operating a fleet of walk-to-work vessels, multicats, and CTVs serving North Sea offshore wind operations.
Acta Orion: SOV delivered 2024 by Ulstein Verft, methanol dual-fuel ready, contracted to Equinor and Polenergia for Baltyk projects.
Aegir: In Old Norse seafaring tradition, the giant personifying the sea, invoked by Viking mariners.
Aeolus: Jack-up installation vessel owned by Van Oord, used widely for monopile and turbine installation across European offshore wind farms.
Aker BP: Norwegian exploration and production company that is a partner in several offshore CCS license areas on the Norwegian Continental Shelf.
Aker Solutions: Norwegian engineering contractor that delivers subsea injection systems and topsides for offshore CCS hubs including Northern Lights.
Albatros: Jan De Nul cable-lay vessel ordered 2022 from CMHI Haimen, 31,000 t cable carousel, delivered 2024 for German interconnector and offshore wind work.
Allseas: Swiss-Dutch offshore contractor operating heavy lift and pipelay vessels including Pioneering Spirit and Solitaire.
Anholt: 400 MW Danish offshore wind farm commissioned 2013, Siemens SWT-3.6-120 turbines, operated by Orsted.
Arcadis Ost 1: 257 MW Baltic wind farm off Rugen commissioned 2023, first project to use full floating monopile installation method by Heerema Thialf.
ASSO.STAR: Cable-lay vessel operated by Asso.subsea, used for inter-array cable installation on multiple Mediterranean and North Sea projects.
Asso.subsea: Greek subsea cable installation contractor with offices in Athens and Bristol, fleet includes ASSO.STAR and Asso Trident.
Aurora: Polar atmospheric phenomenon caused by charged particles.
Avangrid: US renewable energy developer, partner with Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners on Vineyard Wind 1.

B

Balfour Beatty: UK infrastructure contractor that built Block Island Wind Farm substation and provides civil works for offshore wind landfall.
Baltic 1: 48.3 MW German Baltic wind farm commissioned 2011, first commercial offshore project in German Baltic Sea, operated by EnBW.
Baltic 2: 288 MW German wind farm commissioned 2015, 80 Siemens 3.6 MW turbines, operated by EnBW.
Baltic Eagle: 476 MW Iberdrola project off Rugen commissioned 2024, Vestas V174-9.5 turbines on monopile foundations.
Bay du Nord: Equinor floating wind technology development area off Newfoundland, related to broader Canadian Atlantic wind leasing.
BBC Connector: Heavy-lift vessel chartered for component logistics on Greater Changhua and other Taiwanese offshore wind projects.
Beatrice: Scottish offshore wind farm in the Moray Firth developed by SSE Renewables, Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, and Red Rock Power.
Bibby WaveMaster 1: First in class Bibby Marine SOV delivered in 2017, equipped with an Uptime gangway and 90 technician berths.
Bibby WaveMaster Horizon: Bibby Marine SOV delivered in 2020, deployed on long term charter to East Anglia and German Bight wind farms.
Blue Tern: Cadeler X-class wind turbine installation vessel, originally part of the Swire Blue Ocean fleet.
BOEM: US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; offshore leasing and resource evaluation.
Bokalift 1: Boskalis heavy lift crane vessel, a converted bulk carrier with a 3,000 t Huisman crane used for foundation and offshore substation installation.
Bokalift 2: Boskalis heavy lift crane vessel with a 4,000 t Huisman crane delivered in 2021 for offshore wind work.
Bold Tern: Cadeler wind turbine installation jack-up vessel, originally a Fred Olsen Windcarrier asset.
Boreas: Van Oord WTIV ordered 2022 from Yantai CIMC Raffles, methanol dual-fuel ready, 3,200 t leg-encircling crane, scheduled 2025 delivery.
Borkum Riffgrund 1: 312 MW German North Sea wind farm developed by Ørsted and commissioned in 2015.
Borkum Riffgrund 2: 450 MW German offshore wind farm developed by Ørsted and commissioned in 2019, notable for the first commercial suction bucket jacket.
Borkum Riffgrund 3: 913 MW Orsted project under construction, Siemens Gamesa SG 11.0-200 DD turbines, first German zero-subsidy tender win.
Borssele I and II: 752 MW Dutch wind farm commissioned 2020, Orsted operated, 94 Siemens SWT-8.0-167 turbines on monopile foundations.
Borssele III and IV: 731.5 MW Dutch wind farm operated by Blauwwind consortium led by Shell, MHI Vestas V164-9.5 turbines.
Borssele V: 19 MW innovation site adjacent to III/IV, operated by Two Towers consortium, includes Slip Joint connection trial.
Boskalis: Dutch dredging and salvage major, parent of SMIT Salvage since 2010.
Brave Tern: Cadeler wind turbine installation jack-up vessel, formerly of Fred Olsen Windcarrier.
BSH: German Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency responsible for offshore wind permitting in the German EEZ.
BVG Associates: UK consultancy publishing offshore wind cost benchmarking and supply chain studies.

C

C-Power: Belgian offshore wind farm operator of Thornton Bank 325 MW project commissioned 2013, first project using jacket foundations with REpower 6 MW turbines.
Cable Enterprise: Prysmian cable lay vessel used for subsea power cable installation in European waters.
Cable Innovator: Global Marine cable repair and installation vessel with a long service record on submarine telecommunications and power cables.
Cadeler: Danish offshore wind installation contractor formed from the demerger of Swire Blue Ocean, operating the Wind Orca, Wind Osprey, Bold Tern, Brave Tern, and Blue Tern.
Cadeler M-Class: Hybrid foundation-and-turbine installation vessels ordered from Hanwha Ocean, 2,600 t main crane, delivery 2025 and 2026.
Cadeler P-Class: Next-generation WTIVs Wind Peak and Wind Pace ordered from COSCO Qidong, 2,600 t crane, delivery 2025 and 2026.
Cadeler X-Class: Original Wind Osprey and Wind Orca WTIVs built 2012 and 2013, upgraded 2022 with 1,600 t Huisman main cranes.
Cape Wind: Cancelled Massachusetts offshore wind project off Nantucket Sound that did not reach construction.
CAPEX: Capital expenditure, dominant cost item for offshore wind projects, typically split foundations 18%, turbines 33%, cables 11%, installation 19%.
Capital Energy: Spanish renewables developer focused on floating wind off Galicia and Canary Islands.
Catapult ORE: UK Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult, government-backed innovation center in Blyth and Glasgow with 15 MW test nacelle facility.
Centrica Energy: UK utility operator of Lincs and Lynn and Inner Dowsing wind farms, divested most stakes to ESB and others.
Changfang Xidao: 600 MW Taiwanese offshore wind farm operated by Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, commissioned 2024, Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 turbines.
Charybdis: First Jones Act compliant US-flag wind turbine installation vessel, built by Keppel AmFELS for Dominion Energy.
Cierco: Welsh subsidiary of EDF Renewables that developed Beatrice Demonstrator and contributed to Inch Cape engineering.
CIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid To, Incoterm 2020.
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind: Dominion Energy commercial offshore wind project off Virginia Beach, building on the CVOW pilot.
Cosco Qidong: Chinese shipyard delivering Cadeler P-Class WTIVs and Wind Peak hull, also building cable-lay vessels.
Crown Estate: UK seabed manager responsible for offshore wind leasing in English, Welsh, and Northern Ireland waters.
Crown Estate Scotland: Manager of Scottish seabed leasing including the ScotWind round.
CSBC DEME Wind Engineering: Joint venture between China Shipbuilding Corporation Taiwan and DEME for Taiwanese offshore wind installation work.
CTV: Crew transfer vessel; small catamaran transferring wind technicians.

D

Damen FCS 2710: Damen Fast Crew Supplier of 27 meter length used widely as a workhorse CTV in European wind farms.
Damen FCS 7011: Larger SOV-class vessel design 70 m length, used in Damen Service Operations Vessel concept and contracted by Cadeler precursors.
Damen Galati: Romanian shipyard subsidiary of Damen Shipyards Group, built Bibby Wavemaster SOV series.
Damen Shipyards: Dutch shipbuilder supplying CTVs, multicats, and SOVs to the offshore wind sector from Gorinchem and partner yards.
Danish Energy Agency: Energistyrelsen, awards Danish offshore wind concessions including Thor 1 GW won by RWE 2021.
DBB Jack-Up Services: German jack-up operator with vessels Bold Tern and Brave Tern under management agreement with Fred. Olsen Windcarrier.
Decommissioning: End-of-life removal or making safe of offshore facilities.
DEME: Belgian marine contractor with subsidiaries including DEME Offshore active in foundation and turbine installation.
DEME Concessions: DEME subsidiary developing Rentel and SeaMade offshore wind projects in Belgian North Sea.
DNV: Det Norske Veritas (DNV); IACS member classification society.
DNV-SE-0190: DNV service specification for project certification of wind power plants.
DNV-ST-0126: DNV standard for design of support structures for offshore wind turbines, covers monopile, jacket, gravity and tripod foundations.
DNV-ST-0145: DNV standard for offshore substations, structural and electrical design requirements.
DNV-ST-0359: DNV standard for subsea power cables for wind power plants.
DNV-ST-0437: DNV standard for loads and site conditions for wind turbines.
Dogger Bank A: First 1.2 GW phase of the Dogger Bank Wind Farm in the UK North Sea, developed by SSE Renewables, Equinor, and Vårgrønn with first power in 2023.
Dogger Bank B: Second 1.2 GW phase of the Dogger Bank Wind Farm developed by SSE Renewables, Equinor, and Vårgrønn.
Dogger Bank C: Third 1.2 GW phase of the Dogger Bank Wind Farm in the UK North Sea.
Dogger Bank D: Proposed 2 GW extension, Equinor and SSE Renewables, currently in development consent stage.
Dominion Energy: US utility developing the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind commercial project and owner of the Charybdis WTIV.
DUC: Dansk Undergrunds Consortium, original developer of Horns Rev 1 with Elsam, since reorganized.
Dudgeon: UK offshore wind farm off Norfolk owned by Equinor, Masdar, and Statkraft.

E

East Anglia Hub: Combined ScottishPower programme covering East Anglia ONE North, Two and Three, total 3.1 GW pipeline.
East Anglia ONE: Operational UK offshore wind project of ScottishPower Renewables off Suffolk.
East Anglia THREE: ScottishPower Renewables UK offshore wind project under construction in the East Anglia zone.
Edda Boreal: Edda Wind SOV delivered 2022 by Astilleros Gondan, methanol-ready design contracted to Ocean Winds for Moray West.
Edda Brint: Edda Wind CSOV equipped for low emission operations including ammonia readiness, delivered in the early 2020s.
Edda Goelo: Edda Wind SOV contracted to Ailes Marines for Saint-Brieuc service work.
Edda Mistral: Edda Wind SOV delivered in 2018, operated under long term charter to North Sea wind farm clients.
Edda Wind: Norwegian shipowner specializing in SOVs and CSOVs for offshore wind, headquartered in Haugesund.
EDF Renouvelables: French utility subsidiary developing Saint-Nazaire, Calvados, Fecamp and Provence Grand Large floating pilot.
EEW Special Pipe Constructions: German monopile manufacturer in Rostock, fabricator of XXL monopiles for Dogger Bank and Hornsea Three.
Egersund Net: Norwegian net manufacturer supplying scour protection nets to selected offshore wind projects.
Eldwick Law: UK floating wind project in Celtic Sea Leasing Round, Floventis Energy joint venture.
Elia: Belgian transmission system operator that built Modular Offshore Grid switching platform for Belgian wind clusters.
Empire Wind 1: 810 MW Equinor project off New York, Vestas V236-15.0 turbines, monopile foundations, BP exited 2024.
Empire Wind 2: 1,260 MW Equinor project cancelled 2024 due to economic conditions, BOEM lease retained.
EnBW: Energie Baden-Wurttemberg, German utility operator of Baltic 1, Baltic 2, Hohe See and Albatros wind farms.
EnBW He Dreiht: 960 MW zero-subsidy German project under construction, Vestas V236-15.0 turbines, monopile foundations.
EnBW Hohe See: 497 MW German North Sea wind farm commissioned 2019, Siemens SWT-7.0-154 turbines.
Eneti Inc: US-listed WTIV owner formerly Scorpio Bulkers, merged with Cadeler December 2023, contributed NG-16000X newbuilds.
EPCI: EPC plus installation; common offshore contract type.
Equinor: Norwegian operator and partner in the Northern Lights CO2 storage project.
Esvagt: Danish vessel owner providing service operation vessels to offshore wind operators including Orsted and Siemens Gamesa.
Esvagt Faraday: ESVAGT SOV delivered in 2015, the first purpose built service operation vessel constructed for offshore wind.
Esvagt Froude: SOV built 2015 by Havyard, sister to Faraday, contracted to Siemens Gamesa.
Esvagt Mercator: ESVAGT SOV delivered in 2017, deployed on Belgian wind farm cluster support.
Esvagt Mistral: SOV built 2023 by Cemre, methanol-ready, contracted to Ocean Winds for Moray East.
EWEA: European Wind Energy Association, predecessor name of WindEurope industry association based in Brussels.

F

Fecamp: 497 MW French offshore wind farm developed by EDF Renewables, Enbridge, and CPP Investments off Normandy with phased commissioning around 2025.
Fengmiao 1: 495 MW Taiwanese wind farm developed by Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, financial close 2024, Vestas V174-9.5 turbines.
Floatel International: Swedish accommodation rig operator, vessels used as flotels supporting offshore wind commissioning campaigns.
Floating Foundation: Buoyant substructure such as a spar, semi-submersible, or tension leg platform that supports a wind turbine in waters too deep for fixed bottom foundations.
Formosa 1: Taiwanese offshore wind farm developed by Macquarie, Swancor, and JERA, marking the first commercial offshore wind project in Taiwan.
Formosa 2: 376 MW Taiwanese offshore wind farm developed by JERA, Macquarie, and Swancor.
Fred Olsen Windcarrier: Former owner of Bold Tern, Brave Tern, and other jack-up vessels, since reorganized under Cadeler.
FRESH: Renamed France Energies Marines, French marine renewable energy R and D institute in Plouzane.

G

Galloper: 353 MW UK wind farm commissioned 2018, RWE operated, 56 Siemens SWT-6.3-154 turbines.
Gemini: Dutch offshore wind farm in the North Sea off Groningen developed by Northland Power, Siemens, Van Oord, and HVC.
General Electric: US OEM producing Haliade-X 13, 14 and 14.7 MW turbines for Dogger Bank A, B, C and proposed projects.
GeoSea: Former offshore renewables brand within DEME Group, now operating as DEME Offshore.
Global Tech 1: 400 MW German North Sea wind farm commissioned 2015, Areva M5000-116 turbines on tripod foundations.
GMS Endeavour: Gulf Marine Services jack-up used for offshore wind maintenance work in northern Europe and Middle East.
Greater Gabbard: UK offshore wind farm off Suffolk owned by SSE Renewables and RWE.
Grouted connection: Earlier transition piece connection method later supplemented by bolted flanged connections after slippage incidents.
Gunfleet Sands: UK offshore wind farm off Clacton owned by Orsted and Marubeni.
GustoMSC: Dutch jack-up rig designer, NG-9000C and NG-14000X-G designs used for multiple WTIVs.

H

Haliade-X: GE Vernova offshore wind turbine platform deployed at Dogger Bank A and Vineyard Wind 1.
Hammerfest Strøm: Original Norwegian tidal stream developer that became Andritz Hydro Hammerfest.
Hanwha Ocean: Korean shipbuilder, former Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering.
Havfram Wind: Norwegian WTIV operator owned by Hy24 and Sandbrook Capital, vessels Havfram Wind 1 and 2 under construction.
Heerema Marine Contractors: Leiden-based offshore contractor operating the world's largest semi-submersible crane vessels, including Thialf and Sleipnir.
HelWin Alpha: 576 MW HVDC converter platform in German North Sea, transmits power from Nordsee Ost and Meerwind Sud Ost.
Hexicon: Swedish floating wind technology developer, twin-turbine concept piloted off Stornoway.
Hibiki: Penta-Ocean Construction Japanese jack-up vessel, used for Akita and Noshiro offshore wind projects.
Hightown: UK landfall location for Burbo Bank wind farm cable installation.
Hohe See: See EnBW Hohe See entry.
Horns Rev 1: 160 MW Danish wind farm commissioned 2002, Vattenfall operated, Vestas V80-2.0 turbines.
Horns Rev 2: 209 MW Danish wind farm commissioned 2009, Orsted operated, Siemens SWT-2.3-93 turbines.
Horns Rev 3: 407 MW Danish wind farm commissioned 2019, Vattenfall operated, 49 MHI Vestas V164-8.3 turbines.
Hornsea Four: UK offshore wind project under development by Orsted, currently subject to commercial reassessment.
Hornsea One: 1.2 GW UK offshore wind farm in the southern North Sea operated by Orsted.
Hornsea Three: UK offshore wind project under development by Orsted in the southern North Sea.
Hornsea Two: 1.32 GW UK offshore wind farm operated by Orsted, adjacent to Hornsea One.
Huisman: Dutch crane and equipment manufacturer in Schiedam, supplies leg-encircling cranes to Aeolus, Cadeler X-Class and others.
Hydra: Seajacks WTIV built 2014, NG-2500X design, 800 t leg-encircling crane, 109 m length.
Hywind Scotland: World's first commercial floating offshore wind farm, operated by Equinor since 2017 off Peterhead.
Hywind Tampen: Floating wind farm in Norwegian waters supplying power to the Snorre and Gullfaks oil and gas fields.

I

Iberdrola: Spanish utility, parent of ScottishPower Renewables and developer of Wikinger, Saint Brieuc, and Vineyard Wind 1 (with Avangrid).
IEC 61400-3-1: International Electrotechnical Commission standard for design requirements for fixed offshore wind turbines.
IEC 61400-3-2: IEC standard for design requirements for floating offshore wind turbines, published 2019.
IEC TS 61400-3-2: Technical specification for floating offshore wind turbine support structure design, complements IEC 61400-3-2.
IHC IQIP: Royal IHC subsidiary supplying hydraulic hammers, gripper frames, and noise mitigation systems.
IJmuiden Ver: Dutch offshore wind zone under future tender located west of IJmuiden.
Inch Cape: UK offshore wind project off Angus, developed by ESB and Red Rock Power.
Innovation: HGO InfraSea Solutions jack-up installation vessel widely deployed in European offshore wind projects.
Inter-array cable: Synonym for array cable.
Iron and Metal Manufacturers: Polish and Spanish sub-suppliers of secondary steel for monopile transition pieces, including Bilfinger Mars.
Island Empress: Island Offshore SOV chartered for North Sea wind service campaigns.
Island Frontier: Norwegian SOV used for wind farm support work prior to fleet renewal.

J

Jacket foundation: Tubular steel lattice substructure pinned to the seabed, used at Beatrice, Wikinger, East Anglia ONE, and others.
Jan De Nul: Belgian marine contractor operating Voltaire, Vole au vent, Taillevent, and cable installation assets including Isaac Newton and Fleeming Jenkin.
JDR Cable Systems: UK inter-array and umbilical cable manufacturer in Hartlepool, supplies cables to East Anglia ONE and Hornsea projects.
Jiangsu Rudong: Chinese offshore wind cluster off Jiangsu Province, contains projects from CGN, Three Gorges and Huaneng.
Jones Act: US cabotage law restricting domestic offshore trades to US vessels.

K

Kaskasi: 342 MW RWE wind farm commissioned 2023, Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD turbines, first commercial deployment of recyclable turbine blades.
Kentish Flats: Early UK offshore wind farm off Whitstable owned by Vattenfall.
Kincardine: 50 MW Scottish floating wind farm commissioned 2021, 5 Vestas V164-9.5 turbines on Principle Power WindFloat semi-submersibles.
Kraken: North Atlantic legendary sea monster, recorded by Pontoppidan in 1755.
Kriegers Flak: Baltic Sea offshore wind farm developed by Vattenfall and the world's first project sharing an offshore grid connection with Germany via the Combined Grid Solution.

L

La Naval: Spanish shipyard in Sestao that built ITF prototype floating wind platforms before liquidation 2019.
Lambda: Cadeler-designed cable lay vessel ordered for 2026 delivery.
Lancashire Energy Hub: UK Northwest regional cluster including Walney, Walney Extension and Burbo Bank wind farms.
Leonardo da Vinci: Prysmian cable lay vessel delivered in 2021 with two carousels and DP3 capability.
Les Alizes: Jan De Nul floating heavy-lift vessel delivered in 2022 with a 5,000-tonne main crane for foundation installation.
Leviathan: Seajacks jack-up vessel built 2008, NG-2500X design, used for Sheringham Shoal and Greater Gabbard.
Lincs: 270 MW UK wind farm commissioned 2013, Centrica operated, 75 Siemens SWT-3.6-120 turbines.
Lloyd's Register: LR, UK-headquartered classification society and IACS member founded 1760.
London Array: 630 MW UK offshore wind farm in the Thames Estuary commissioned in 2013 by a consortium including E.ON, RWE, and Masdar.
Lynn and Inner Dowsing: 194 MW UK wind farm commissioned 2009, Centrica operated, 54 Siemens 3.6 MW turbines.

M

Maersk Supply Service: Danish offshore vessel owner contracted on US offshore wind feeder operations.
MarramWind: 3 GW floating wind project in ScotWind Round, ScottishPower Renewables and Shell joint venture.
MasterPower: Hydraulic pile-driving hammer manufacturer brand owned by IHC IQIP.
Mayflower Wind: Former name of the SouthCoast Wind offshore project off Massachusetts.
Meerwind Sud Ost: 288 MW German wind farm commissioned 2014, Blackstone operated alongside WindMW, 80 Siemens 3.6 MW turbines.
MHI Vestas: Former joint venture between Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Vestas, now fully integrated into Vestas Offshore Wind.
Monopile: Single tubular steel pile foundation driven into the seabed, the dominant offshore wind foundation type to date.
Moray East: Operational UK offshore wind farm in the Moray Firth led by Ocean Winds.
Moray West: UK offshore wind project led by Ocean Winds adjacent to Moray East.

N

Nantucket Sound: Massachusetts waters where Cape Wind was proposed and cancelled, currently no commercial offshore wind activity.
NCT 60 Cable Tractor: Cable-pulling tractor used during inter-array cable installation operations.
Neart na Gaoithe: 448 MW Scottish wind farm under construction, EDF Renewables operated, Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD turbines.
Nexans Aurora: Cable-lay vessel of Nexans commissioned in 2021, with 10,000 t turntable capacity.
Nexans Skagerrak: Older Nexans cable installation vessel based in Norway.
NKT Victoria: Cable installation vessel of NKT, commissioned in 2017, with 9,000 t turntable capacity.
Nordic Hyperion: SOV under construction at Vard Vung Tau, contracted to Equinor for Empire Wind 1 service.
Nordsee Ost: 295 MW German wind farm commissioned 2015, RWE operated, 48 Senvion 6.2M126 turbines.
Norther: Belgian offshore wind farm developed by Eneco and partners in the North Sea.
Northern Bays: Equinor and BP former joint venture territory off Massachusetts and New York.
Northland Power: Canadian developer with offshore wind interests including Gemini and Hai Long.

O

Ocean Winds: Joint venture between EDPR and Engie developing offshore wind globally including Moray East, Moray West, and BC Wind.
Offshore substation: Platform mounted electrical hub stepping up array cable voltage for export.
OneStop Renewable Energy: Brand of Saipem for renewables EPCI offerings, includes floating wind and substation work.
Orion: DEME Offshore heavy-lift installation vessel commissioned 2022 with a 5,000-tonne Liebherr crane for monopile and jacket installation.
Orsted: Danish offshore wind developer operating Hornsea One and Two, Borssele 1 and 2, Race Bank, Walney Extension, and US East Coast projects.
OSI: Offshore Substructure Installation, scope category typical for jacket and monopile installation EPCI contracts.

P

Parkwind: Belgian offshore wind developer, since 2023 part of JERA Nex.
Pioneering Spirit: Allseas dual-hull heavy-lift and pipelay vessel of 382 m length, capable of S-lay and J-lay.
POSCO: Pohang Iron and Steel Company, South Korean integrated steelmaker with main sites at Pohang and Gwangyang.
Posidonia Oceanica: Mediterranean seagrass protected under EU Habitats Directive, constraint for inter-array cable routing in southern Europe.
PowerChina Huadong: Chinese installation contractor providing jack-up vessels and floating cranes for domestic offshore wind market.
Principle Power: US-based developer of the WindFloat semi-submersible floating wind platform used at Kincardine and WindFloat Atlantic.
Prysmian Group: Italian cable manufacturer producing HVDC, HVAC, and umbilical systems, with installation vessels including Leonardo da Vinci and Prysmian Cable Enterprise.

Q

Quadrant: Brass arc on the rudder head to which steering chains are attached.

R

Race Bank: UK offshore wind farm off Norfolk operated by Orsted.
Rainmaker: Vestas V236-15.0 prototype unit installed at Osterild test center 2022, world's most powerful operating turbine in 2024.
Rampion: UK offshore wind farm off Sussex operated by RWE.
Recharge Foundation: ScotWind exclusivity grouping designation for floating wind sites in deep water.
Reefkeeping: Environmental monitoring discipline for offshore wind foundations under OSPAR Recommendation 2003.
Reinforced Cone: Transition piece design feature replacing grouted connection following 2009 slippage issue at Egmond aan Zee.
Rentel: 309 MW Belgian wind farm commissioned 2018, Rent-A-Port operated alongside DEME, 42 Siemens SWT-7.0-154 turbines.
Revolution Wind: Joint Orsted and Eversource project (now Orsted and Global Infrastructure Partners) supplying Rhode Island and Connecticut.
RIDG: Renewable Infrastructure Development Group, UK developer, originally co-developer of Inch Cape with Red Rock Power.
RWE Renewables: German utility, operator of Galloper, Rampion, Triton Knoll, Sofia and Kaskasi.

S

Saint Brieuc: French offshore wind farm in Brittany developed by Iberdrola.
Saint-Nazaire: Site of Chantiers de l'Atlantique on the Loire estuary.
Saipem 7000: Semi-submersible crane vessel capable of heavy-lift and J-lay pipelay operations, owned by Saipem.
Saipem Constellation: Saipem heavy-lift vessel under construction, 3,000 t crane, suitable for offshore wind foundation work.
Sandbank: 288 MW German wind farm commissioned 2017, Vattenfall operated, 72 Siemens SWT-4.0-130 turbines.
Sandbrook Capital: US infrastructure fund co-owner of Havfram Wind WTIV operator.
ScottishPower Renewables: Iberdrola UK subsidiary developing East Anglia ONE, TWO, and THREE.
ScotWind: Crown Estate Scotland leasing round closed in 2022, awarding 17 projects with significant floating wind allocation.
Scour Protection: Rock or mattress placed at the base of offshore foundations to prevent seabed erosion that would expose cables.
Scylla: Seajacks WTIV built 2015 by Samsung Heavy Industries, NG-14000X-G design, 1,500 t main crane, longest WTIV in fleet at 161 m.
Sea Challenger: DEME Offshore wind turbine installation vessel, originally A2SEA built in 2014.
Sea Installer: DEME Offshore wind turbine installation vessel, originally A2SEA built in 2012.
Seagreen: 1.075 GW Scottish offshore wind farm developed by SSE Renewables and TotalEnergies, commissioned in 2023 as Scotland's largest offshore wind farm.
Seajacks: UK based jack-up operator now part of Eneti and then Cadeler, owning Scylla, Zaratan, Leviathan, and Hydra.
Seatrium: Singapore-based offshore and marine group formed in 2023 from the merger of Sembcorp Marine and Keppel Offshore & Marine.
Senvion: Former German wind turbine OEM headquartered in Hamburg, supplied 6.2M126 turbines to Nordsee Ost, entered insolvency 2019.
Shanghai Zhenhua: Chinese heavy industry company, ZPMC subsidiary builds heavy-lift cranes for offshore wind vessels.
Sheringham Shoal: 317 MW UK wind farm commissioned 2012, Equinor operated alongside Statkraft and UK Green Investment Bank.
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy: Offshore wind turbine OEM with the SG 8.0-167 DD, SG 11.0-200 DD, SG 14-222 DD, and SG 14-236 DD platforms.
Sleipnir: Heerema semi submersible crane vessel with twin 10,000 t cranes used on offshore substation and foundation installation.
SOFIA: FAO's biennial State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture report.
South Fork Wind: US offshore wind project off the South Fork of Long Island developed by Orsted and now Global Infrastructure Partners.